Molecular detection (RT-PCR) of Sars-Cov-2 RNA among Geriatric Tb patients with comorbidities attending Infectious Disease Hospital Kano, Nigeria
Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Mewar University, India.
Research Article
GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2024, 29(02), 308–318.
Article DOI: 10.30574/gscbps.2024.29.2.0393
Publication history:
Received on 13 September 2024; revised on 24 November 2024; accepted on 26 November 2024
Abstract:
Tuberculosis (TB) and SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for COVID-19, both pose significant threats to public health, particularly among older adults with pre-existing TB. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA among geriatric TB patients at Infectious Disease Hospital Kano, Nigeria, using RT-PCR and to analyze associated demographic and clinical factors. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 185 geriatric TB patients (≥60 years) who attended an Infectious Disease Hospital. Respiratory samples were collected and tested for SARS-CoV-2 RNA using RT-PCR. Data on demographic characteristics, comorbidities, and RT-PCR results were analyzed. Statistical analyses, including descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and logistic regression, were used to assess prevalence and associations. Results Out of 185 participants, 18 (9.7%) tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 RNA. Positivity rates were higher in males (58.3%) compared to females (41.6%). The highest prevalence was observed in the 60-70 age group (11 positive cases), followed by the 70-80 group (4 positive cases) and those over 80 years (3 positive cases). Comorbidities included diabetes (9 positive cases), hypertension (2 positive cases), COPD (3 positive cases), and HIV (4 positive cases). Conclusion The study highlights a notable prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 among geriatric TB patients, emphasizing the importance of enhanced screening and management strategies. The findings suggest higher susceptibility in males, older age groups, and those with comorbidities. Integrated diagnostic approaches combining RT-PCR and serological testing are recommended. Future research should focus on larger cohort studies to further explore the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on TB patients and develop effective interventions.
Keywords:
SARS-CoV-2; Tuberculosis; Geriatric Patients; RT-PCR; Prevalence; Comorbidities; Nigeria
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