Characteristic analysis of sea transportation passenger Kendari Nusantara Port

Indonesia, which is an archipelagic country consisting of islands, sea transportation is an absolute necessity for those living in the archipelago. The port terminal is a tool for the process of moving goods and passengers to transfer modes of movement either through sea transportation or land transportation. The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics of sea transportation users at the Kendari Nusantara port terminal. The method in this study uses a qualitative descriptive by distributing questionnaires to users of the Nusantara Kendari port terminal who want to travel between islands. The results of the study based on the characteristics of sea transportation users through the Kendari Archipelago port were obtained based on the characteristics of sea transportation users (passengers) at the port terminal.the male gender is 57.33%, the most dominant travel destination is Muna Regency at 38.67%, the reason for using fast express boats is the consideration of travel time by 52%, the purpose of the trip is dominated by educational interests by 32.67%, The frequency of using fast boats is very frequent, which is more than 4 times by 33.33%.


Introduction
Nusantara Kendari Harbor is one of the passenger terminal ports for inter-island travel in Southeast Sulawesi. Geographically, it is located at 03° 58″ 25″ South Latitude and 125° 11´ 00″ East Longitude. The role of the Kendari Archipelago port is very important because it is the main node of the economy and as an entry and exit route for goods and passengers across Southeast Sulawesi.
The development of the Kendari Archipelago port in general cannot be separated from the influence of the hinterland which can have direct access to the port such as transportation facilities, which connect areas within Kendari City as well as between regencies and between islands in Southeast Sulawesi. The Kendari Archipelago Port is one of the important and strategic aspects in facilitating the regional economy.

Transportation System
Gottfried, B., S., 1984. Transportation is defined as the activity of moving goods and or people from one place to another using certain modes. So a complete transportation system can be defined as a collection of components whose interactions cause the movement of goods or people from one place to another. Miro (2012) in general, transportation can be interpreted as an effort to move or move people or goods from a location called the location of origin, to another location or destination, for certain purposes by using certain tools as well. Transportation has several dimensions such as: location (origin and destination), tools (technology), certain needs at the destination location such as social economy and others.

Sea Port System
Morlok, E., K., 1995, The sea port system is part of the marine transportation system. The sea transportation system itself can be defined as a system for the movement of goods or people from one place to another through marine facilities and infrastructure.
Triatmojo B., 2010, The port consists of several components that interact and form a system and is called a seaport system to distinguish it from an airport. The sea port system consists of 2 (two) main elements, namely elements of port facilities in the form of ships and infrastructure elements in the form of port facilities. Other socio-economic factors, such as family structure and size, age, gender, type of work, job location.  Transportation System Characteristics Factor, Variables that affect travel behavior in choosing transportation modes are related to the performance of transportation system services such as relative travel time, relative travel cost, relative level of service, accessibility, reliability.  Special Characteristics Factor, Variables that affect the Special Characteristics Factor such asthe distance from residence to the place of activity. population density. Manheim, (1979). Attributes for services in the field of transportation from various considerations of consumers have been formulated by These attributes are considered to represent services to consumers and affect each different consumer activity. Examples of attributes formulated by Manheim (1979) are as follows:

Transportation User Characteristics
 Time whose indicators consist of total travel time, reliability (variation of travel time), transfer time, travel frequency and travel schedule.  Costs whose indicators consist of direct transportation costs such as tariffs and fuel costs, indirect transportation costs such as maintenance and insurance costs.  Safety and security whose indicators consist of the possibility of accidents and feelings of security.  Pleasure and comfort of service users whose indicators consist of travel distance, physical comfort (temperature, cleanliness), travel pleasure (handling baggage, ticketing, food and drink services, other pleasures such as music entertainment).  Expedition services in the form of loss insurance and return shipping rights.

Method Approach
This study uses a descriptive qualitative method referring to literature references data collection in the field is carried out by observation and distributing questionnaires to users of sea transportation at the passenger port terminal at the port of Nusantara Kendari. (Nazir, 1999)  Where n = number of questionnaire data N = Number of users of inter-island sea transportation passengers e = error value of data collection accuracy (5%)

Research data
The population in this study are users of passengers at the Nusantara Kendari port terminal who want to travel on sea voyages. Data from the survey results of passengers (users) at the Nusantara Kendari port terminal was carried out over a period of 1 month, with a total of 150 respondents.

Data analysis techniques
Data analysis is used in this study with a combination theory approach, namely calculations and graphs, in the form of calculated numbers and graph formulations.

Gender
Gender is a measurement tool for user travel characteristics to determine the percentage of users to gender, as for the gender of the users of the Kendari Nusantara ship port terminal as shown in table 1 below:

By Age
Based on the age of the users are sea transportation passengers who carry out the administrative process of sea trips at the Kendari Nusantara port terminal, which can be seen in table 2 below:

Travel Destination
The purpose of the trip is to find out the distribution of movement from origin to destination as shown in Table 3 below:

Based on Education
Education is a characteristic part of human resources who want to travel as shown in Table 4 below:

Based on Job
Employment is how important the trip is based on the job as shown in the following table 5 below:  Table 5. Based on the work of respondents using terminal users via fast boat mode, namely civil servant 12%, Stateowned enterprises/regional-owned enterprises 4%, Indonesian National Army/Republic of Indonesia Police0.67%, Farmer 1.33%, Entrepreneurs 6.67%, Contract/Honorary Workers 7.33 %, Students/Students 68%, Fishermen 0%.

Reasons for choosing fashion
The choice of transportation mode on a trip where the port of Nusantara Kendari is a passenger port of fast express ships as part of the consideration of how important it is among transportation modes to travel by sea based on reasons for using fast boat modes as shown in the following table 6 below:  Table 6. on the reasons for using the fast boat mode, considerations of speed/time 52%, considerations of safety/security 8%, considerations of comfort 6%, considerations of convenience 14.67%, considerations of price (cheap) 14%, Others 5.33%.

Respondent's Travel Purpose
The purpose of passenger travel is a measurement of how important it is to travel by sea transportation mode, as for the purpose of passenger travel as shown in Table 7 below:

By Trip Frequency
The frequency of user trips which is part of the consideration of how important the travel cycle through sea transportation modes through the Nusantara port is to measure the transfer of transportation modes as for the frequency of passengers through the Kendari Nusantara port as in Table 8 below:

Based on Income
The income of sea transportation users is measured how important it is for travelers to use sea transportation modes based on economic considerations as for user income as shown in the following table 9 below:

Conclusion
Characteristics of users (passengers) of sea transportation at the port terminalthe most dominant is the male gender by 57.33%, the age of the passengers is dominated by the age of 17-40 years 84%, the highest travel destination is Muna Regency at 38.67%, the activity or work is dominated by students at 68% , the reason for using express fast boats is the consideration of travel time by 52%, the purpose of travel for educational purposes is 32.67%, the frequency of travel using fast boats through the port of Nusantara Kendari is very frequent, which is more than 4 times by 33.33%. User income is less than Rp. 1,000,000 by 66%,

Recommendations
The determination of the characteristics of inter-island sea transportation passengers is based on the reasons for using this mode of transportation. It is hoped that further research can analyze a more comprehensive sea transportation development model in determining the performance of inter-island sea transportation services.