Clinical characteristics of oral mucosal lesions in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and their association with clinical and laboratory parameters

Lilly Esquivel-Pedraza 1, 2, Laura Fernández-Cuevas 3, Alba Cicero-Casarrubias 4, *, Sergio Ponce de León-Rosales 5, Mónica Fernández-Sánchez 1, 6, Rocío Orozco-Topete 1, 7, Carla Archer-Dubon 1, Ana Lilia Ruelas-Villavicencio 1, Marcela Saeb-Lima 8, Ma. Guadalupe Ortíz-Pedroza 1, Linda García-Hidalgo 1, Ma. Josefina Carbajosa-Martínez 1, María del Pilar Milke-García 9, Judith Domínguez-Chérit 1 and Silvia Méndez-Flores 1

1 Department of Dermatology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición “Salvador Zubirán”, Mexico City, Mexico.
2 Department of Health Care, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana. Mexico City, Mexico.
3 Oral Pathology Department, Centro Dermatológico “Dr. Ladislao de la Pascua”, Mexico City, Mexico.
4 Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición “Salvador Zubirán”, Mexico City, Mexico.
5 Department of Education, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición “Salvador Zubirán”, Mexico City, Mexico.
6 Centro de Investigación de Enfermedades Infecciosas. Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Mexico City, Mexico.
7 Hospital Médica Sur
8 Pathology Department, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición “Salvador Zubirán”, Mexico City, Mexico.
9 Nutrition Division. Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición “Salvador Zubirán”, Mexico City, Mexico.
 
Research Article
GSC Advanced Research and Reviews, 2021, 06(02), 001-012.
Article DOI: 10.30574/gscarr.2021.6.2.0013
Publication history: 
Received on 22 January 2021; revised on 30 January 2021; accepted on 02 February 2021
 
Abstract: 
Introduction. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease that includes a broad spectrum of mucocutaneous manifestations.
Objectives. To characterize the clinical spectrum of oral mucosal lesions in patients with SLE and to analize their association with clinical and laboratory parameters.
Methods. We performed a cross-sectional study with systematic oral evaluations in SLE adult patients. Systemic and cutaneous lupus activities were recorded. We collected epidemiologic, clinical, and laboratory data. Statistical analysis included the kappa coefficient, X2 test, Fisher’s exact test and Mann-Whitney U-test, adjusting for multiple comparisons according to Bonferroni’s method.
Results. A total of 181 patients (92.8% females) were included, with a median age of 37 (range 16-76) years. Cutaneous, systemic, and oral manifestations of lupus erythematosus (LE) activity were found in 31.5%, 23.8% and 18.8% of patients, respectively. Higher titres of anti-double-stranded (ds) DNA antibodies were detected in patients with LE-related oral lesions (LEOL) when compared to those without LEOL [356 (82-1083) UI vs 45 (0-417) UI; p=0.02). LEOL did not correlate to cutaneous (k=0.380) nor systemic (k=0.228) LE-activity (p<0.01).
Conclusions. Oral manifestations related to SLE were significantly associated to anti double-ds DNA antibodies.  LEOL were independent of cutaneous and systemic activity.
 
Keywords: 
Mouth diseases; Lupus; Prevalence; Anti-dsDNA antibodies
 
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Copyright information: 
Copyright © 2021 Author(s) retain the copyright of this article. This article is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Liscense 4.0

 

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