A comparison of studies examining the effects of arsenic on global human health and specific regions in Nigeria.
1 Faculty of Public and Environmental Affairs, Indiana University Bloomington, IN, USA.
2 Department of Geology, Faculty of Sciences, Federal University Lokoja, Kogi State, Nigeria.
3 Department of Chemistry, College of Engineering and Physical Science, University of New Hampshire, USA.
4 Department of Applied Microbiology and Brewing, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria.
5 Department of Earth and Environmental Science, University of West Florida, Hal Marcus College of Science and Engineering.
6 Department of Environmental, Health and Safety, Marshall University Huntington West Virginia USA.
7 Biosystem Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Auburn University, Alabama USA.
8 Department of Medicine, Rutgers University New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ.
Review Article
GSC Advanced Research and Reviews, 2024, 18(01), 022–031.
Article DOI: 10.30574/gscarr.2024.18.1.0472
Publication history:
Received on 04 November 2023; revised on 20 December 2023; accepted on 23 December 2023
Abstract:
Arsenic occurs naturally in high concentrations in groundwater in various countries and is extremely toxic in its inorganic state. The primary threat to public health arises from the contamination of drinking water, food preparation, and irrigation of crops. Prolonged exposure to arsenic through water and food consumption is linked to cancer, skin lesions, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes. Additionally, early-life exposure may negatively impact cognitive development and increase mortality in young adults. The crucial measure in affected communities is preventing further arsenic exposure by ensuring a safe water supply. Arsenic is a naturally occurring element widely distributed in the environment air, water, and land. Elevated exposure occurs through contaminated water, food, industrial processes, and tobacco consumption, leading to chronic arsenic poisoning with characteristic effects such as skin lesions and cancer.
Keywords:
Health; Contaminated water; Arsenic exposure; Environment; Cancer
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