Exosomes and microRNAs: Powerful mediators of cancer and their clinical applications
1 Faculty of Medicine and Nutrition, Juárez University of the State of Durango, Av. Universidad & Fanny Anitúa w/o no. Postal code 34,000. Durango, Dgo., Mexico.
2 Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Nutrition, Juárez University of the State of Durango, Dgo, Mexico.
Review Article
GSC Advanced Research and Reviews, 2024, 21(03), 012–017.
Article DOI: 10.30574/gscarr.2024.21.3.0464
Publication history:
Received on 17 October 2024; revised on 29 November 2024; accepted on 02 December 2024
Abstract:
Exosomes are nanoscale extracellular vesicles secreted by nearly all cell types, playing a crucial role in intercellular communication. These vesicles transport biomolecules, including proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, particularly microRNAs (miRNAs), which regulate post-transcriptional gene expression. In cancer, exosomes influence critical processes such as cell proliferation, angiogenesis, metastasis, and therapeutic resistance by transferring oncogenic or tumor-suppressor miRNAs to recipient cells. Their stability in biological fluids and their ability to protect molecular cargo make them promising candidates for non-invasive diagnostics and targeted therapeutics. This review explores the mechanisms of exosome biogenesis, their molecular composition, and their roles in cancer progression, alongside emerging clinical applications and challenges.
Keywords:
Exosomes; MicroRNAs; Cancer; Biomarkers; Therapy; Oncogenetics
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Copyright © 2024 Author(s) retain the copyright of this article. This article is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Liscense 4.0
