Genetic factors associated to Alzheimer’s Disease
1 Facultad de Medicina y Nutrición, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Dgo., México.
2 Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Medicina y Nutrición, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Dgo., México.
Avenida Universidad sin número, Zona Centro, CP 34000 Teléfono.
Review Article
GSC Advanced Research and Reviews, 2024, 19(03), 147–155.
Article DOI: 10.30574/gscarr.2024.19.3.0204
Publication history:
Received on 28 April 2024; revised on 08 June 2024; accepted on 11 June 2024
Abstract:
Alzheimer's disease is a neurological condition that gradually impairs memory, self-awareness, and cognitive capacities. It is the most frequent cause of dementia and a major factor in senior patient deaths. It is generally acknowledged that the condition is multifactorial, resulting from intricate interactions between age, genetics, and environment, even though the exact cause is unknown. Early start of the condition can be caused by mutations in the APP, PSEN1, and PSEN2 genes, which can result in an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern. The most prevalent kind is late-onset, in which the APOE ε4 allele is the primary genetic risk factor. TREM2, CLU, and PICALM are among the other genes that raise the risk. The primary molecular pathways are the build-up of beta-amyloid proteins, which result in amyloid plaques, and the hyperphosphorylation of tau, which forms neurofibrillary tangles and causes neuronal death by necrosis, autophagy, and apoptosis. Acetylcholine, glutamate, GABA, and noradrenaline neurotransmission are all impacted, which has an effect on cognition and memory.In conclusion, Alzheimer's disease is a complicated neurological disorder that causes progressive cognitive impairment due to both hereditary and molecular components.
Keywords:
Alzheimer’s; Neurological; Memory; Cognitive; Genes; APOE ε4
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Copyright © 2024 Author(s) retain the copyright of this article. This article is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Liscense 4.0
