Fundamentals of CRISPR-Cas9: Gene-editing technology and basic
1 Faculty of Medicine and Nutrition, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Durango, Dgo., México.
2 Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Nutrition, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Durango, Dgo, México.
Review Article
GSC Advanced Research and Reviews, 2024, 20(01), 042–049.
Article DOI: 10.30574/gscarr.2024.20.1.0223
Publication history:
Received on 06 May 2024; revised on 23 June 2024; accepted on 26 June 2024
Abstract:
The CRISPR/Cas9 system provides a robust and multiplexable genome editing tool, enabling researchers to precisely manipulate specific genomic elements and facilitating the elucidation of target gene function in biology and diseases. CRISPR/Cas9 consists of a nonspecific Cas9 nuclease and a set of programmable sequence-specific CRISPR RNA (crRNA), which can guide Cas9 to cleave DNA and generate double-strand breaks at target sites. Subsequent cellular DNA repair processes lead to desired insertions, deletions, or substitutions at target sites. The particularity of CRISPR/Cas9-mediated DNA cleavage requires target sequences matching crRNA and a protospacer adjacent motif located downstream of target sequences. Here, we review the molecular mechanism, applications, and challenges of CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing and the clinical therapeutic potential of CRISPR/Cas9 in the future.
Keywords:
CRISPR/Cas9; Genome editing; Therapeutic applications; History; Components
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Copyright © 2024 Author(s) retain the copyright of this article. This article is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Liscense 4.0
