Review with checklist of Fabaceae in the herbarium of Iraq natural history museum

This study aimed to make an inventory of leguminous plants for the purpose of identifying the plants that were collected over long periods and stored in the herbarium of Iraq Natural History Museum. It was found that the herbarium contains a large and varied number of plants from different parts of Iraq and in different and varied environments. It was collected and arranged according to a specific system in the herbarium to remain an important source for all graduate students and researchers to take advantage of these plants. Also, the flowering and fruiting periods of these plants in Iraq were recorded for different regions. Most of these plants begin to flower in the spring and thrive in fields and farms.


Introduction
Leguminosae, Fabaceae or Papilionaceae, which was called as legume, pea, or bean Family, belong to the Order of Fabales [1]. The Fabaceae family have 727 genera also 19,325 species, which contents herbs, shrubs, trees, and climbers [2]. The distribution of fabaceae family was variety especially in cold mountainous regions for Europe, Asia and North America, It is also abundant in Central Asia and is characterized by great economic importance. It is one of the three most important plant families for flowering plants [3]. The leaves of Fabaceae family are stipulate, alternate, pinnately or palmately. The petioles base are enlarged to a pulvinus [4]. Also the flower is perigynous, zygomorphic, racemes, spikes, or heads, And the perianth have a calyx and corolla for five segments [5]. The Fabaceae family has petals which are overlapping in bud and the posterior petal outermost in position. The androecium have 10 stamens in two [6]. The pistils are simple, divided into a single style and stigma, also a superior ovary have one locule divided to 2-many marginal ovules. The fruits are always legume [7]. The Fabaceae family are particularly diverse in all tropical forests and temperate shrublands [8].

Material and methods
All specimens of Fabaceae family in various habitats of Iraq and saved in the herbarium of Iraq Natural History Museum was written down and studied its geographical distribution. Used many taxonomic keys identification and diagnosed genera such as: [9.10,11,12].

Results and discussion
In this study checklist of fabaceae in the herbarium of Iraq Natural History Museum showed many genera as fallow: In the herbarium of Iraq Natural History Museum it was found two species which were they Acacia nilotica (L.) Delile and Acacia gerrardii Benth. Alhagi Adans., 1763 In the herbarium of Iraq Natural History Museum it was found two species which were they Alhagi maurorum Medik. and Alhagi graecorum Boiss. In the herbarium of Iraq Natural History Museum it was found many species which were they Astragalus bruguieri Boiss., Astragalus  In the herbarium of Iraq Natural History Museum it was found one species which was Bauhinia rasimosa Lam.
HAB. Bauhinia rasimosa Lam. Cultivated in desert region in Iraq. In the herbarium of Iraq Natural History Museum it was found one species which was Gleditsia triacanthos L.
In the herbarium of Iraq Natural History Museum it was found one species which was Glycyrrhiza glabra L.

Hippocrepis L., 1753
In the herbarium of Iraq Natural History Museum it was found one species which was Hippocrepis unisiliquosa L

Hymenocarpos Savi
In the herbarium of Iraq Natural History Museum it was found one species which was Hymenocarpos circinnatus (L. In the herbarium of Iraq Natural History Museum it was found many species which were they Lathyrus aphaca L., Lathyrus annuus L., Lathyrus cassius Boiss., Lathyrus inconspicuus L., Lathyrus cicera L., Lathyrus hirsutus L., Lathyrus sativus L.
Lotus L., 1753 In the herbarium of Iraq Natural History Museum it was found many species which were they Lotus gebelia Vent. In the herbarium of Iraq Natural History Museum it was found many species which were they Lens orientalis (Boiss.) Schmalh., Lens culinaris Medik [13].
In the herbarium of Iraq Natural History Museum it was found many species which were they Medicago phrygia (Boiss. Melilotus indicus (L.) All. In dry steppic plains, sandy gravel, up to alt. c. 250 m. fl. And fr. Mar.-Apr [15,16].
Ononis L., 1753 In the herbarium of Iraq Natural History Museum it was found many species which were they Ononis viscosa L., Ononis spinosa L.
HAB. Ononis viscosa L., in one district of the N.E. sector of the lower forest zone of Iraq.

Vigna Savi, 1824
In the herbarium of Iraq Natural History Museum it was found many species which were they Vigna radiata (L.) R.Wilczek, Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. Legumes were very widely distributed, and the third-largest land plant family at terms for number of species, behind the families Orchidaceae and Asteraceae.

Conclusion
The study showed the genus and species of the leguminous family which found in the herbarium of Iraq Natural History Museum and their spread in various as they are the most important widespread plant families and bear many difficult environmental conditions. Therefore, it will be a reference for many researchers and those interested in this aspect.