Suicidal behavior is four times more frequent in university students with bipolar disorder assessed by an online version of Mood Disorder Questionnaire

Costa Neto Luiz Henrique; Rodrigues de Sousa Kévia Maria; Lima Pinheiro Aliny Hellen; Lima de Menezes Dhynne Kelley; Fonseca Frota Samara; Weber Bisol Luísa; de Matos e Souza Fabio Gomes

doi:10.30574/gscarr.2020.5.1.0086

Authors

Costa Neto Luiz Henrique Walter Cantídio University Hospital, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
Rodrigues de Sousa Kévia Maria Walter Cantídio University Hospital, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
Lima Pinheiro Aliny Hellen Walter Cantídio University Hospital, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
Lima de Menezes Dhynne Kelley Walter Cantídio University Hospital, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
Fonseca Frota Samara Walter Cantídio University Hospital, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
Weber Bisol Luísa Walter Cantídio University Hospital, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
de Matos e Souza Fabio Gomes Walter Cantídio University Hospital, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30574/gscarr.2020.5.1.0086

Keywords:

Suicide Risk, Bipolar Disorder, University Students, Self-Injurious Behavior, Attempted Suicide

Abstract

Introduction: Bipolar disorder (BD) in young people is frequently associated with suicidal behavior. The main objective of this research is to evaluate if university students who have BD show more suicidal behavior than those who do not have BD.

Materials and Methods: 583 university students from Fortaleza, Brazil, participated in this study. Volunteers over 18 years of age who were attending public or private universities from March to December 2019 were able to participate. A sociodemographic and clinical questionnaire and the Mood Disorder Questionnaire (MDQ) were filled out. According to MDQ, participants were classified into three groups: 1) individuals without BD (n=318); 2) individuals with subthreshold BD symptoms (n=160); 3) individuals with BD (n=105).

Results: Compared to those who do not have BD, individuals with BD had four times less plans for the future (x²=16.00; p=0.000), considered four times life less worth living (x²=13.44; p=0.001), assumed two times more frequently death as welcome if it comes (x²=19.10; p=0.000), thought two times more about getting hurt (x²=75.32; p=0.000), had seven times more specific plans to die (x²=39.93; p=0.000) and had four times more suicide attempts (x²=33.50; p=0.000).

Conclusions: Suicidal behavior was four times more prominent in university students with BD than in those who did not have BD.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

References

Mortier P, Cuijpers P, Kiekens G, et al. The prevalence of suicidal thoughts and behaviours among college students: a meta-analysis. Psychol Med. 2018; 48(4):554-565.

Miranda IMO, Zeuri E, Tank K, Barbosa JG, Filho NA, Rezende LF. Caracterização da ideação suicida em estudantes universitários. Revista da Universidade Vale do Rio Verde 2018;16(1):1-8.

Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Suicide: Facts at a glance 2015. cited 2020 jul 11. Retrieved from: http://www.cdc.gov/violenceprevention/pdf/suicide-datasheet-a.pdf

Nock MK, Borges G, Bromet EJ, Cha CB, Kessler RC, Lee S. Suicide and suicidal behavior. Epidemiol Rev. 2008; 30(1):133-154.

Malhi GS, Outhred T, Das P, Morris G, Hamilton A, Mannie Z. Modeling suicide in bipolar disorders. Bipolar Disord. 2018; 20(4):334-348.

Secretaria da Saúde do Estado do Ceará/COVEP - CEREM. Mortalidade no Estado do CEARÁ. Fortaleza; 2020. Cited 2020 Jul 11. Available from: http://extranet.saude.ce.gov.br/tabulacao/deftohtm.exe?sim/obito.def

Prefeitura de Fortaleza. Mortalidade Geral em Fortaleza - SIM-Fortaleza; 2020. Cited 2020 Jul 11. Available from: http://tabnet.sms.fortaleza.ce.gov.br/scripts/deftohtm.exe?Obitoscid.def

Marcolan JF, Silva DA. O comportamento suicida na realidade brasileira: aspectos epidemiológicos e da política de prevenção. Revista M. 2019; 4(7):31-44.

Fraga WS, Massuquetti A, Godoy MR. Determinantes socioeconômicos do suicídio no Brasil e no Rio Grande do Sul. Article presented in: XIX Encontro de Economia da Região Sul. 2016 Jun; Florianópolis, Santa Catarina.

Studdert DM, Zhang Y, Swanson SA, et al. Handgun Ownership and Suicide in California. N Engl J Med. 2020; 382(23):2220-2229.

Bellivier F, Belzeaux R, Scott J, Courtet P, Golmard JL, Azorin JM. Anticonvulsants and suicide attempts in bipolar I disorders. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2017; 135(5):470-478.

Baethge C, Cassidy F. Fighting on the side of life: a special issue on suicide in bipolar disorder. Bipolar Disord. 2013; 15(5):453-456.

Antypa N, Antonioli M, Serretti A. Clinical, psychological and environmental predictors of prospective suicide events in patients with Bipolar Disorder. J Psychiatr Res. 2013; 47(11):1800-1808.

Ewing L, Hamza CA, Willoughby T. Stressful Experiences, Emotion Dysregulation, and Nonsuicidal Self-Injury among University Students. J Youth Adolesc. 2019; 48(7):1379-1389.

Hill MR, Goicochea S, Merlo LJ. In their own words: stressors facing medical students in the millennial generation. Med Educ Online. 2018; 23(1):1530558.

Hirsch JK, Hall BB, Wise HA, Brooks BD, Chang EC, Sirois FM. Negative life events and suicide risk in college students: Conditional indirect effects of hopelessness and self-compassion [published online ahead of print, 2019 Nov 25]. J Am Coll Health. 2019; 1-8.

Turecki G, Brent DA. Suicide and suicidal behaviour. Lancet. 2016; 387(10024):1227-1239.

National Center for Education Statistics. Digest of Education Statistics: Digest of Education Statistics. Washington, DC: Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, Institute of Education Sciences, U.S. Department of Education; 2018. Available from: https://nces.ed.gov/programs/digest/d18/index.asp.

Associação Brasileira Mantenedoras de Ensino Superior. Educação Superior no Brasil: Contextos e Perspectivas - Censo Da Educação Superior 2018; 2020. Available from: https://abmes.org.br/abmes-pesquisas/detalhe/35/educacao-superior-no-brasil-contextos-e-perspectivas-censo-da-educacao-superior-2018.

Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística. Censo demográfico Available from: https://cidades.ibge.gov.br/xtras/temas.php?lang=&codmun=230440&idtema=105&search=ceara|fortaleza|censo-demografico-2010:-resultados-da-amostra-educacao--.

Surveysystem.com. Creative Research Systems, c2012. Available from: https://www.surveysystem.com/sscalc.htm

Associação Brasileira de Psiquiatria. Suicídio: informando para prevenir. Brasília: CFM/ABP, 2014.

Viana DGN, Silva MSP, Júnior SAS. Histórico, epidemiologia e comorbidades do transtorno bipolar. In: Souza FGM, Bisol LW. Transtorno Bipolar: do espectro ao DSM. Premius Gráfica e Editora; 2020; P. 29-63.

de Sousa Gurgel W, Rebouças DB, Negreiros de Matos KJ, Carneiro AH, Gomes de Matos e Souza F; Grupo de Estudos em Transtornos Afetivos Affective Disorders Study Group. Brazilian Portuguese validation of Mood Disorder Questionnaire. Compr Psychiatry. 2012; 53(3):308-312.

do Nascimento JPR, Costa LB, Meneses RL, da Costa Moreno LM, de Matos e Souza FG Is There Any Difference between Bipolar and Non-bipolar Individuals in the Use of Facebook? Bipolar Disord. 2016; 2: 104.

Faries DE, Houston JP, Sulcs EM, Swindle RW. A cross-validation of the provisional diagnostic instrument (PDI-4). BMC Fam Pract. 2012; 13:104. Published 2012 Oct 15.

Hirschfeld RM, Williams JB, Spitzer RL, et al. Development and validation of a screening instrument for bipolar spectrum disorder: the Mood Disorder Questionnaire. Am J Psychiatry. 2000; 157(11):1873-1875.

Hirschfeld RM. The Mood Disorder Questionnaire: A Simple, Patient-Rated Screening Instrument for Bipolar Disorder. Prim Care Companion J Clin Psychiatry. 2002; 4(1):9-11.

Mathias SLM, Sakai C. Utilização da ferramenta Google Forms no processo de avaliação institucional: estudo de caso nas faculdades magsul. Article presented in: Seminários Regionais; Available from: http://download.inep.gov.br/educacao_superior/avaliacao_institucional/seminarios_regionais/trabalhos_regiao/2013/centro_oeste/eixo_1/google_forms_processo_avaliacao_instit_estudo_caso_faculdades_mag.pdf

Lew B, Huen J, Yu P, et al. Associations between depression, anxiety, stress, hopelessness, subjective well-being, coping styles and suicide in Chinese university students. PLoS One. 2019; 14(7):e0217372. Published 2019 Jul 1.

Chang EC. Hope and hopelessness as predictors of suicide ideation in Hungarian college students. Death Stud. 2017; 41(7):455-460.

de Albuquerque RN, da Silva Borges M, Monteiro PS. Epidemiological profile of suicidal behavior among nursing students. UERJ Nursing Journal. 2019; 27:45607.

Wilcox HC, Arria AM, Caldeira KM, Vincent KB, Pinchevsky GM, O'Grady KE. Prevalence and predictors of persistent suicide ideation, plans, and attempts during college. J Affect Disord. 2010; 127(1-3):287-294.

Micin S, Bagladi V. Salud Mental en Estudiantes Universitarios: Incidencia de Psicopatología y Antecedentes de Conducta Suicida en Población que Acude a un Servicio de Salud Estudiantil. Terapia Psicológica. 2011; 29(1):53-64.

O'Neill S, McLafferty M, Ennis E, et al. Socio-demographic, mental health and childhood adversity risk factors for self-harm and suicidal behaviour in College students in Northern Ireland. J Affect Disord. 2018; 239:58-65.

Rahme E, Low NC, Lamarre S, et al. Attempted Suicide Among Students and Young Adults in Montreal, Quebec, Canada: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study of Hospitalized and Nonhospitalized Suicide Attempts Based on Chart Review. Prim Care Companion CNS Disord. 2015; 17(5):10.4088/PCC.15m01806. Published 2015 Oct 29.

Zhai H, Bai B, Chen L, et al. Correlation between family environment and suicidal ideation in university students in China. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2015; 12(2):1412-1424. Published 2015 Jan 27.

Torres AR, Campos LM, Lima MCP, Ramos-Cerqueira ATA. Suicidal Ideation Among Medical Students: Prevalence and Predictors. J Nerv Ment Dis. 2018; 206(3):160-168.

Marangell LB, Bauer MS, Dennehy EB, et al. Prospective predictors of suicide and suicide attempts in 1,556 patients with bipolar disorders followed for up to 2 years. Bipolar Disord. 2006; 8(5 Pt 2):566-575.

Schaffer A, Isometsä ET, Azorin JM, et al. A review of factors associated with greater likelihood of suicide attempts and suicide deaths in bipolar disorder: Part II of a report of the International Society for Bipolar Disorders Task Force on Suicide in Bipolar Disorder. Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 2015; 49(11):1006-1020.

Carvalho AF, Firth J, Vieta E. Bipolar Disorder. N Engl J Med. 2020; 383(1):58-66.

Wang S, Jing H, Chen L, Li Y. The Influence of Negative Life Events on Suicidal Ideation in College Students: The Role of Rumination. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020; 17(8):2646. Published 2020 Apr 12.

Roy B, Dwivedi Y. Understanding epigenetic architecture of suicide neurobiology: A critical perspective. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2017; 72:10-27.

Cha CB, Franz PJ, M Guzmán E, Glenn CR, Kleiman EM, Nock MK. Annual Research Review: Suicide among youth - epidemiology, (potential) etiology, and treatment. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2018; 59(4):460-482.

Braga LL, Dell’Aglio DD. Suicídio na adolescência: fatores de risco, depressão e gênero. Contextos Clínicos. 2013; 6(1):2-14.

Schaffer A, Isometsä ET, Tondo L, et al. International Society for Bipolar Disorders Task Force on Suicide: meta-analyses and meta-regression of correlates of suicide attempts and suicide deaths in bipolar disorder. Bipolar Disord. 2015; 17(1):1-16.

da Silva MVM, Azevedo AKS. Um olhar sobre o Suicídio: vivências e experiências de estudantes universitários. Revista Psicologia, Diversidade e Saúde. 2018; 7(3):390-401.

Davison B, Liddle R, Fitz J, Singh GR. Computerised emotional well-being and substance use questionnaires in young Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australian adults. SAGE Open Med. 2020; 8:2050312120906042. Published 2020 Feb 7.