Clinical characteristics of oral mucosal lesions in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and their association with clinical and laboratory parameters

Lilly Esquivel-Pedraza; Laura Fernández-Cuevas; Alba Cicero-Casarrubias; Sergio Ponce de León-Rosales; Mónica Fernández-Sánchez; Rocío Orozco-Topete; arla Archer-Dubon; Ana Lilia Ruelas-Villavicencio; Marcela Saeb-Lima; Ma. Guadalupe Ortíz-Pedroza; Linda García-Hidalgo; Ma. Josefina Carbajosa-Martínez; María del Pilar Milke-García; Judith Domínguez-Chérit; Silvia Méndez-Flores

doi:10.30574/gscarr.2021.6.2.0013

Authors

Lilly Esquivel-Pedraza Department of Dermatology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición “Salvador Zubirán”, Mexico City, Mexico.
Laura Fernández-Cuevas Oral Pathology Department, Centro Dermatológico “Dr. Ladislao de la Pascua”, Mexico City, Mexico.
Alba Cicero-Casarrubias Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición “Salvador Zubirán”, Mexico City, Mexico.
Sergio Ponce de León-Rosales Department of Education, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición “Salvador Zubirán”, Mexico City, Mexico.
Mónica Fernández-Sánchez Centro de Investigación de Enfermedades Infecciosas. Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Mexico City, Mexico.
Rocío Orozco-Topete Department of Dermatology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición “Salvador Zubirán”, Mexico City, Mexico.
arla Archer-Dubon Department of Dermatology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición “Salvador Zubirán”, Mexico City, Mexico.
Ana Lilia Ruelas-Villavicencio Department of Dermatology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición “Salvador Zubirán”, Mexico City, Mexico.
Marcela Saeb-Lima Pathology Department, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición “Salvador Zubirán”, Mexico City, Mexico.
Ma. Guadalupe Ortíz-Pedroza Department of Dermatology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición “Salvador Zubirán”, Mexico City, Mexico.
Linda García-Hidalgo Department of Dermatology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición “Salvador Zubirán”, Mexico City, Mexico.
Ma. Josefina Carbajosa-Martínez Department of Dermatology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición “Salvador Zubirán”, Mexico City, Mexico.
María del Pilar Milke-García Nutrition Division. Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición “Salvador Zubirán”, Mexico City, Mexico.
Judith Domínguez-Chérit Department of Dermatology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición “Salvador Zubirán”, Mexico City, Mexico.
Silvia Méndez-Flores Department of Dermatology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición “Salvador Zubirán”, Mexico City, Mexico.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30574/gscarr.2021.6.2.0013

Keywords:

Mouth diseases, Lupus, Prevalence, Anti-dsDNA antibodies

Abstract

Introduction. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease that includes a broad spectrum of mucocutaneous manifestations.

Objectives. To characterize the clinical spectrum of oral mucosal lesions in patients with SLE and to analize their association with clinical and laboratory parameters.

Methods. We performed a cross-sectional study with systematic oral evaluations in SLE adult patients. Systemic and cutaneous lupus activities were recorded. We collected epidemiologic, clinical, and laboratory data. Statistical analysis included the kappa coefficient, X2 test, Fisher’s exact test and Mann-Whitney U-test, adjusting for multiple comparisons according to Bonferroni’s method.

Results. A total of 181 patients (92.8% females) were included, with a median age of 37 (range 16-76) years. Cutaneous, systemic, and oral manifestations of lupus erythematosus (LE) activity were found in 31.5%, 23.8% and 18.8% of patients, respectively. Higher titres of anti-double-stranded (ds) DNA antibodies were detected in patients with LE-related oral lesions (LEOL) when compared to those without LEOL [356 (82-1083) UI vs 45 (0-417) UI; p=0.02). LEOL did not correlate to cutaneous (k=0.380) nor systemic (k=0.228) LE-activity (p<0.01).

Conclusions. Oral manifestations related to SLE were significantly associated to anti double-ds DNA antibodies. LEOL were independent of cutaneous and systemic activity.

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