The prevalence of Rheumatoid arthritis on female patients of child-bearing age at University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Rivers State, Nigeria

Henrrietta Ogadimma  Asuzu-Samuel

doi:10.30574/gscarr.2021.8.2.0163

Authors

Henrrietta Ogadimma Asuzu-Samuel Biomedical Technology Option, School of Science Laboratory Technology, University of Port Harcourt, Choba, Rivers State, Nigeria.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30574/gscarr.2021.8.2.0163

Keywords:

Arthritis, Rheumatoid, Joint, Systemic, Disease

Abstract

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the most commonly diagnosed systemic inflammatory disease that can affect multiple joints of the body. RA affects women 2-3 times more than men. Pregnancy has been reported to have an ameliorating effect on the course of existing RA and the flare-up of disease activity in the postpartum period. This study was carried out on two hundred and forty (240) female patients of child bearing age after obtaining an ethical approval from the Ethical Committee of University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital. 5ml of blood samples were drawn from the ante-cubital fossa of each woman with 5ml syringe and needle, between 8am to 11am each day. The samples were sent to the laboratory for analysis. The Latex Slide Test kit used for the serological analysis contains both the positive and negative control. The result obtained was compared with both the positive and negative control. Twelve (12) of the samples tested positive for the Rheumatoid Factor during the qualitative analysis, while the remaining two hundred and twenty-eight (228) tested negative. All positive results from the qualitative analysis tested positive when the test control was carried out, likewise the negative results which were all negative for the test control. The prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis in female patients of child bearing age for this study was calculated to be 5% which was 4% higher than the world prevalence, estimated to be 1%. The relevance of this study was to ascertain the occurrence of rheumatoid arthritis in female patients of child bearing age, which would serve as a useful tool in other rheumatoid arthritis prevalence studies that could be directed towards a better understanding of the flare of the disease and for the development of a more effective preventive and curative therapy.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

References

Iain B, Georg S. The Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis. New England journal of Medicine. 2011; 365(23): 2205 - 2219.

Firestein GS. Evolving concepts of Rheumatoid Arthritis. Nature. 2003; 423: 356 – 61.

Huber LC, Distler O, Tarner I, Gay RE. Synovial fibroblasts: key players in Family Physicians Rheumatoid Arthritis, Rheumatology. 2006; 45(6): 669 - 675.

Costenbader KH, Joann EM. Do Female Hormone affect the onset or severity of Rheumatoid Athritis? Arthritis Care and Research. 2008; 59(3): 299 – 301.

The Arthritis Society. Rheumatoid arthritis: Causes, Symptoms and Treatment. 2005.

Carbonell J, Cobo T, Balsa A, Descalzo MA, Carmona L. The incidence of rheumatoid arthritis in Spain: results from a nationwide primary care registry. Rheumatology. 2008; 47(7): 1088-1092.

Firestein GS, Kelly WN. Etiology and pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis: Kelly’s textbook of Rheumtology. 8th edition. Philadelphia. 2009.

Plenge RM. Rheumatoid Arthritis Genetics: 2009 update. Curr Rheumatol Rep. 2009; 11(5): 351-6.

Chou CT, Pei L, Chang DM, Lee CF, Schumacher HR, Liang MH. Prevalence of rheumatic diseases in Taiwan: a population study of urban, suburban, rural differences. J Rheumatol. 1994; 21(2): 302–6.

Kaaja RJ, Greer IA. Manifestation of chronic disease during pregnancy. JAMA. 2005; 294(21): 2751- 2757.

Karlson EW, Mandl LAH, Grodstein F. Do breastfeeding and other reproductive factors influence future risk of rheumatoid arthritis? Results from the Nurses’ Health Study. Arthritis & Rheumatism. 2004; 50(11): 3458 – 3467.

Baillet A, Payraud E, Niderprim VA. A dynamic Exercise Programme to improve Patients’ Disability in Rheumatoid Arthritis: a prospective randomized controlled trial. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2009; 48(4): 410-415.

Hurkmans E, van der Giesen FJ, Vliet- Vlieland TP. Dynamic Exercise programs (aerobic capacity and/or muscle strength training) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2009; (4): CD006853.

Evans S, Cousins L, Tsao JC. A Randomized Controlled Trial Examining Iyengar Yoga for young adults with Rheumatoid Arthritis. Trials. 2011; 12: 19.

Jane W, Anne B, Sally L. The Epidemiology of Rheumatoid Arthritis and the use linkage and association studies to identify disease genes. The Hereditary Basis of Rheumatic Diseases. 2006; 9 – 28.

Beighton P, Solomon L, Valkenburg H. A. Rheumatoid arthritis in a rural South African Negro population. Ann Rheum Dis. 1975; 34(2): 136 – 141.

Meyers OL, Daynes G, Beighton P. Rheumatoid arthritis in a tribal Xhosa population in the Transkei, Southern Africa. Ann Rheum Dis. 1977; 36(1): 62-5.

Moolenburg JD, Valkenburg HA, Fourie PB. A population study on rheumatoid arthritis in Lesotho, Southern Africa. Ann Rheum Dis. 1986; 45: 691-5.

Hart JE, Laden F, Puett RC, Costenbader KH, Karlson EW. Exposure to traffic pollution and increased risk of rheumatoid arthritis. Environ Health Perspective. 2009; 117(7): 1065–9.

McGill P. Rheumatoid arthritis in sub-Saharan Africa. Ann Rheum Dis. 1991; 50(12): 965 – 6.

Darmawan J, Muirden K, Valkenburg H, Wigley R. The epidemiology of rheumatoid arthritis in Indonesia. Br J Rheumatol. 1993; 32(7): 537- 40.

Mendez- Bryan R, Gonzales-Alcover R, Roger L. Rheumatoid Arthritis: Prevalence in a Tropical Area. Arthritis Rheum. 1996; 7(4):171- 6.

Lau E, Symmons D, Bankhead C, MacGregor A, Donnan S, Silman A. Low prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis in the urbanized Chinese of Hong Kong. J Rheumatol. 1993; 20(7): 1133–1137.

Roger VL, Kimberly PL, Elena M, Cynthia SC, John MD, Barry LK, Daniel DB, Terry MT, Richard JR, Sherine EG. Increased prevalence of diastolic dysfunction in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Annal of the Rheumatoid Disease. 2010; 69(9): 1665 – 1670.

Munoz-Valle JF, Vazquez-del M, Garcia-Iglesias T, Orozco-Barocio G, Bernard-Medina G, Martinez-Bonilla G, Bastidas-Ramirez BE, Navarro AD, Bueno M, Martinez-Lopez, Best-Aguilera CR, Kamachi M, Armendariz-Borunda J. TH1/TH2 Cytokine Profile, metalloprotease-9 activity and hormonal status in pregnant Rheumatoid Arthritis and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients. Clinical & Experimental Immunology. 2003; 131(2): 337 -384.

Alavi A, Arden N, Spector TD, Axford JS. Immunoglobulin G glycosylation and clinical outcome in Rheumatoid Arthritis during Pregnancy. The Journal of rheumatology. 2000; 27(6): 1379 – 1385.