Colorectal cancer screening and prevention: A brief review of the current guidelines and modalities
1 PGY3, Department of Internal Medicine Sunrise Health GME Consortium 2880 N Tenaya Way 2nd Floor Las Vegas, NV, USA.
2 PGY2, Department of Internal Medicine Sunrise Health GME Consortium Las Vegas, NV, USA.
3 PGY1, Department of Internal Medicine Sunrise Health GME Consortium Las Vegas, NV, USA.
4 Associate Program Director, Department of Internal Medicine Sunrise Health GME Consortium Las Vegas, NV, USA.
Review Article
GSC Advanced Research and Reviews, 2021, 07(02), 097–103.
Article DOI: 10.30574/gscarr.2021.7.2.0106
Publication history:
Received on 09 April 2021; revised on 12 May 2021; accepted on 15 May 2021
Abstract:
Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a frequently addressed topic in primary care. Recent studies have been published detailing modifiable risk factors for CRC, as well as preventative measures. Providers must be up to date on screening recommendations and modalities. Colonoscopy is the preferred method of screening for CRC, and the screening recommendations in the United States were recently updated in 2020. It is also common for the practitioner to encounter patients who refuse colonoscopy but are willing to undergo alternative methods of testing. The COVID pandemic has also placed a burden on hospital resources, and colonoscopy may not be logistically feasible in some healthcare settings. Therefore, awareness of the guidelines for the various alternative modalities, along with their respective guidelines for frequency of screening is critical. This article provides a brief review of the risk factors associated with colon cancer, the screening modalities (including colonoscopy, sigmoidoscopy, CT colonography, fecal immunohistochemical testing (FIT), guaiac-based fecal occult blood testing (gFOBT), multi target stool DNA testing (MTs-DNA), and others) and the most recent screening recommendations for the general population.
Keywords:
Colorectal cancer; Screening; Methods; Modalities; Guidelines
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Copyright © 2021 Author(s) retain the copyright of this article. This article is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Liscense 4.0
