Extraction, production and characterization of biodiesel from shea butter (Vitellaria paradoxa C. F. Gaertn) obtained from Hadejia, Jigawa State, Nigeria
1 Department of Chemistry, Yusuf Maitama Sule University, Kano.
2 Department of Science Laboratory Technology, School of Technology Kano.
Research Article
GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2020, 11(03), 208-215.
Article DOI: 10.30574/gscbps.2020.11.3.0168
Publication history:
Received on 08 June 2020; revised on 26 June 2020; accepted on 27 June 2020
Abstract:
Biodiesel, a form of diesel fuel, is an alternative fuel similar to the conventional diesel (the fossil) and can be produced from vegetable oils, animal oils and fats, tallow and waste cooking oils. In this study, oil was extracted from shea butter, and then subjected to transesterification process to convert it to biodiesel. Both the oil and the biodiesel were characterized using the standard procedures. The results showed that the oil has a density of 923.82 Kgm3, refractive index of 1.464, viscosity of 4.5 mm2/s at 40OC, acid value of 1.84 mgKOH/g, saponification value of 189.53 mgKOH/g, flash point of 338OC and iodine value of 35.52 mgI2/g. While the results for the biodiesel showed that it has a density of 887.61 Kgm3, refractive index of 1.441, viscosity of 3.62 mm2/s at 40OC, acid value of 0.37 mgKOH/g, saponification value of 265.81 mgKOH/g, flash point of 96OC and iodine value of 34.24 mgI2/g. These results were found to be within the ranges of American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM ) specification.
Keywords:
Biodiesel; Shea butter; Shea butter oil; Transesterification
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