Isolation, characterisation and in vivo anti-malarial investigation of pulcherrimin A from Caesalpinia pulcherrima stem bark
1Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Physical Sciences, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria.
2 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria.
3 Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Edo State Polytechnic, Usen, Nigeria.
4Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, the Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria.
Research Article
GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2020, 12(02), 056-063.
Article DOI: 10.30574/gscbps.2020.12.2.0238
Publication history:
Received on 24 July 2020; revised on 05 August 2020; accepted on 06 August 2020
Abstract:
Malaria is responsible for about a million deaths yearly. The fight against malaria is faced with the occurrence of widespread resistance of the malaria parasite, Plasmodium spp. The search for plant derived anti-malarial drugs has become greatly imperative. This study was aimed to isolate and investigate the In vivo anti-malarial activity of pulcherrimin A isolated from the stem bark of Caesalpinia pulcherrima. Ethyl acetate fraction of the stem bark extract was subjected to fractionation over silica gel column to obtain pure compound which was characterized as 3,5,6,7-tetrahydroxy-19-vouacanoic acid;(3β,5α,6β,7β)-form,6,7-dibenzoyl (pulcherrimin A) a known compound using various spectroscopic techniques. Pulcherrimin A was evaluated for In vivo anti-malarial activity against P. berghe infected mice using the 4-day suppressive test. Different doses (50, 200 and 400 mg/kg/day) of pulcherrimin A were administered to the mice after parasite inoculation. A maximum parasitaemia suppression of 68.18% was observed for the middle dose (200 mg/kg/day) in contrast with 40.91% for the highest dose (400 mg/kg/day). The study therefore revealed that pulcherrimin A isolated from the stem bark of C. pulcherrima exhibited moderate-dose significant (p<0.05) inhibition of P. berghei parasite, thus authenticating the local usage of different parts of the plants in the treatment of malaria and other pyrexia-related infections.
Keywords:
Anti-malarial; P. berghei parasite; Pulcherrimin A; Caesalpinia pulcherrima
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