Phytochemical screening and evaluation of antiradical and antimicrobial activities of Annona senegalensis and Detarium microcarpum leaves used in Benin to treat urinary infections
University of Abomey-Calavi, Polytechnic School of Abomey-Calavi, Laboratory of Study and Research in Applied Chemistry, 01 PO Box: 2009 Cotonou, Benin.
Research Article
GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2024, 29(01), 214–223.
Article DOI: 10.30574/gscbps.2024.29.1.0387
Publication history:
Received on 08 September 2024; revised on 16 October 2024; accepted on 19 October 2024
Abstract:
The challenge of resistance to synthetic antimicrobials necessitates new alternative solutions. Medicinal plants are rich in active compounds with various medicinal properties that can be used in treatment of urinary infections. This work aims to highlight the value of Annona senegalensis and Detarium microcarpum by evaluating phytochemical and antimicrobial potentials of their leaf extracts. Qualitative and quantitative analyses were carried out using color and precipitation reactions and spectrophotometric assays. The antiradical activity was evaluated using the DPPH test, and the antimicrobial activity was assessed by the agar diffusion method. Phytochemical screening showed that both plants contain anthraquinones, catechic tannins, coumarins, flavonoids, reducing compounds, sterols and terpenes. Hydroethanolic extract of Detarium microcarpum and A. senegalensis showed IC50 inhibition percentages of 0.20 mg/mL and 0.22 mg/mL respectively. Regarding antimicrobial activity, the hydroethanolic leaf extracts of D. microcarpum and A. senegalensis were found to be bactericidal and fungicidal against the tested bacteria and molds. This extract showed more pronounced antimicrobial activity than amoxicillin and ciprofloxacin, which are synthetic antimicrobials. Diversity of secondary metabolites and notable antimicrobial activity of D. microcarpum and A. senegalensis may justify their use in traditional medicine for treating urinary infections in Benin.
Keywords:
Urinary infections; Medicinal plants; Secondary metabolites; Antiradical; Bactericidal; Fungicidal
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