Review on cardiovascular disease and antihypertensive drugs effect on the circulating biomarkers of heart disease
1 Department of Medical Laboratory Services, Central Hospital, Warri, Delta State, Nigeria.
2 Department of Medical Laboratory Services, Cottage Hospital, Okoloba, Bayelsa State, Nigeria.
3 Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Enugu State, Nigeria.
4 Department of Medical Laboratory Services, Kaiama Referral Hospital, KOLGA, Bayelsa State, Nigeria.
5 Department of Medical Laboratory Science, University of Nigeria Enugu Campus, Enugu State, Nigeria.
6 Enugu State University of Science and Technology Teaching Hospital, Parklane, Enugu State, Nigeria.
7 Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Jos, Nigeria.
Review Article
GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2022, 20(03), 120–129.
Article DOI: 10.30574/gscbps.2022.20.3.0346
Publication history:
Received on 12 August 2022; revised on 02 September 2022; accepted on 04 September 2022
Abstract:
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD), a group of diseases that affect the heart and blood vessels have posed high morbidity rate to humans, with the second-high mortality rate after cancer. These diseases include hypertension, coronary artery disease, cardiac dysrhythmias, cerebrovascular disease, valvular heart disease, cardiomyopathies, peripheral vascular disease, and congenital cardiac abnormalities. These diseases have been observed to affect people of older age and have higher susceptibility in male than the female counterparts. Some circulating biomarkers such as C-reactive protein, cardiac troponin I, myostatin, homocystein, dimethylarginine, e.t.c have been found to be indispensable in the diagnosis and prediction of possible occurrence of CVD. It has been postulated that C-reactive protein rises in acute inflammation and may contribute to further atherosclerosis by stimulating macrophage uptake of low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). Antihypertensive drugs are used to combat these diseases and they come in different forms with variable mechanisms of action. Antihypertensive drugs have been postulated to have lowering effect on circulating biomarkers of CVD. However, prophylactic measures are highly recommended.
Keywords:
Cardiovascular Diseases; Hypertension; Biomarkers; Antihypertensive Drugs; C - reactive protein
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