Role of nitric oxide in prevention diabetic nephropathy in females after menopause

Arwa Ahmed Abdel-Raheem 1, Heba Ibrahim Hamed 2, El-Sayed Fahim 1 and Ayman Saber Mohamed 1, *

1 Zoology Department - Faculty of Science - Cairo University - Egypt.
2 Biochemistry-National Institute of Diabetes and Endocrinology - Cairo University - Egypt.
 
Research Article
GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2022, 18(01), 138–145.
Article DOI: 10.30574/gscbps.2022.18.1.0034
Publication history: 
Received on 18 December 2021; revised on 20 January 2022; accepted on 22 January 2022
 
Abstract: 
Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a complex disease, which affects many organs besides the pancreas such as the liver, brain, eye, stomach, and kidney.
Purpose: The current study aimed to evaluate role of nitric oxide in prevention diabetic nephropathy in females after menopause.
Methods: Our study was carried out on 90 females and 90 males with T2DM aged over 45 years, randomly selected from the outpatient clinic of the National Institute for Diabetes and Endocrinology (NIDE). T2DM patients were divided into 3 subgroups; subgroup 1: patients without any complications, subgroup 2: patients with nephropathy complications (DN), and subgroup 3: patients with cardiovascular compactions (CVD).
Results: Result showed that dyslipidemia and oxidative stress was more pronounced in females rather than in male. While, kidney function markers was worse in male than female.
Conclusion: The current study shows that diabetic females are more susceptible to cardiovascular disease than males due to the depletion of estrogen in postmenopausal women, causing oxidative stress. On the other hand, diabetic males are more susceptible to diabetic nephropathy than females due to a decrease in nitric oxide level, which is considered a kidney protective factor. 
 
Keywords: 
Diabetes mellitus; Oxidative stress; Cardiovascular diseases; Diabetic nephropathy; Gender effect
 
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Copyright information: 
Copyright © 2022 Author(s) retain the copyright of this article. This article is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Liscense 4.0

 

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