Phytochemical screening and antibacterial activities of Sorghum bicolor leaves derived from in vitro culture

Ali Kauther Sir elkhatim 1, Elsheikh Azza M 2, Ahmed Hind M 1, Osman Huda Abdu Hassan 3, Hamza Nada B 2, Osman Magdoleen G 2 and Daffalla Hussien M 2, *

1 College of Applied and Industrial Sciences, University of Bahri, P. O. Box 1660, Khartoum North, Sudan.
2 Commission for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, National Centre for Research, Mohamed Nageeb St. No. 61, P. O. Box 2404, Khartoum, Sudan, Tel: +249918349142.
3 Faculty of Agriculture, University of Khartoum, Khartoum North, Sudan.
 
Research Article
GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2020, 10(01), 065-072.
Article DOI: 10.30574/gscbps.2020.10.1.0241
Publication history: 
Received on 16 December 2019; revised on 08 January 2020; accepted on 18 January 2020
 
Abstract: 
Various research works recognized highly biological activities of sorghum vegetative portions which indicated the presence of bioactive compounds in their extracts. Considering environmental effects on the accumulation of secondary metabolites, this work aims to evaluate the antibacterial activity of sorghum using in vitro induced leaves as source for extract. In vitro shoot explants of sorghum used subcultured on Murashige and Skoog medium (MS) supplemented with 6-Benzyl adenine (BA) or Indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) at different concentrations (0.0–2.0 mg/L). The leaves induced in vitro were collected dried then macerated in ethanol for 4 hours. Phytochemical composition of the sorghum leaves extract was assessed using standard procedures. The crude extracts were evaluated for antibacterial activity using the agar well diffusion method. The significantly (P>0.05) maximum shoot length (5.7 cm) and the number of leaves (7.9 leaves) were obtained on MS medium supplemented with 2.0 mg/L IBA. The phytochemical composition of the leaves extract showed the presence of bioactive constituents including alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins and steroids and triterpenes. All the concentrations of the sorghum leaves extract showed variable antimicrobial activity against the studied bacteria strains with the strongest inhibitory effect reported (19.0 mm) against B. subtilis at the concentration of 100 mg/L. Our findings demonstrated that the in vitro leaves extract of sorghum possess a remarkable antibacterial activity. More research is needed on the characterization of bioactive ingredients of in vitro induced sorghum plants and their biological activities.
 
Keywords: 
Antimicrobial; Sorghum; In vitro leaves; Phytoconstitutes
 
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Copyright information: 
Copyright © 2020 Author(s) retain the copyright of this article. This article is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Liscense 4.0

 

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