Toxicity evaluation of TiO2 nanoparticles embedded in toothpaste products
1 Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir, Kingdom of Bahrain.
2 Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir, Kingdom of Bahrain.
3 Princess Al-Jawhara Bint Ibrahim Al-Ibrahim Centre for Molecular Medicine, Genetics and Inherited Diseases, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain.
GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2020, 12(01), 102-115.
Article DOI: 10.30574/gscbps.2020.12.1.0205
Publication history:
Received on 27 June 2020; revised on 06 July 2020; accepted on 09 July 2020
Abstract:
The present study evaluates the toxicity of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) that were extracted from toothpaste products by solid-liquid extraction method. The NPs structures were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Ultraviolet spectrophotometer (UV) was also used to determine the band gab energy of these NPs. The XRD results indicated that the mixture of TiO2 NPs was formed (anatase and rutile titanium dioxide nanoparticles). XRD results also indicated the crystalline size of NPs, which were small and ranging from 2.5 to 53.2 nm. The toxicity effect of TiO2 NPs was evaluated on Chlorella vulgaris micro marine algae over 3 days. The results indicate a negative effect on the growth algae and concentration of chlorophyll a during the early growth stages. In contrast, at the late growth stages these NPs had a positive effect. Also, the toxicity effect of TiO2 NPs was evaluated on Jurkat, HepG2, T-47D and S180 cancer cell lines. Cells were cultured with various concentrations of TiO2 NPs (10, 20, 50, 100 and 200 µg/mL) for 48 hours using the Water-Soluble Tetrazolium (WST) method. The results showed that the TiO2 NPs had a negative effect on the growth of the Jurkat, T-47D and S180 cancer cell lines. In contrary, a positive effect was seen on the HepG2 cell line.
Keywords:
Titanium dioxide nanoparticles; Biotoxicity; Jurkat; HepG2; T-47D; S180.
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