GC-MS and FTIR analyses of bioactive compounds present in ethanol leaf extract of Sida acuta from Imo State, Nigeri
1 Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Owerri Nigeria.
2 Department of Forensic Science, Federal University of Technology, Owerri Nigeria.
Research Article
GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2023, 25(02), 394–404
Article DOI: 10.30574/gscbps.2023.25.2.0500
Publication history:
Received on 14 October 2023; revised on 25 November 2023; accepted on 27 November 2023
Abstract:
Medicinal plants are vital to human and community health. This work aimed at using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) to determine the phytochemical contents of ethanol leaf extract of Sida acuta from Imo State, Nigeria. Leaves of Sida acuta were collected, washed, air-dried, and pulverized. Pulverized leaves were extracted in 100% ethanol at 70°C in a water bath. Bioactive compounds from the extract were analyzed using Agilent Technologies GC equipment and Buck Scientific M530 USA FTIR. The GC-MS Screening of the plant’s extract revealed the presence of seventy-one (71) phytocompounds including gamma-terpinene (1.11%), p-cymene (0.29%), linalool (2.45%), alpha-cubebene (0.11%), alpha-copaene (1.34%), aromadendrene (6.21%), humulene (1.90%), alpha-selinine, guaiol (0.58%), phytol (0.11%), butyl-2-ethylhexylphthalate (0.32%), 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid (0.40%), 1-docosene (0.36%), 1,4-dichlorobenzene (0.22%), (e)-.beta.-farnesene (10.87%), and piperine (0.61%), which are reported to exhibit various biological activities. The FTIR analysis of the plant extract revealed functional groups such as Primary (1°) and Secondary (2°) amines, alkanes, alkenes, alkyl halides, carboxylic acids, allenes, aromatics, aliphatic amines, esters, ethers, phenols, and aldehydes. Cross-referencing the phytocompounds with literature revealed a variety of biological functions, including antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antimutagenic, antioxidant, antitumor, and others. It may be concluded that Sida acuta contains bioactive compounds with anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, hepatoprotective, and anti-carcinogenic properties, with (E). beta.-farnesene being the most abundant (10.87%).
Keywords:
GC-MS; FTIR; Sida acuta; Phytocompounds
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Copyright © 2023 Author(s) retain the copyright of this article. This article is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Liscense 4.0
