Therapeutic potential of doxorubicin and Evodia suaveolens leaves extract in targeting cell cycle arrest and proliferation on acute myeloid leukemia in vitro
1 Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, East Java, Indonesia.
2 Master Program in Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, East Java, Indonesia.
3 Department of Anatomic Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya/Saiful Anwar General Hospital, Malang, East Java, Indonesia.
4 Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, East Java, Indonesia.
5 Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, East Java, Indonesia.
6 Central Laboratory of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, East Java, Indonesia.
Research Article
GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2024, 28(01), 132–137.
Article DOI: 10.30574/gscbps.2024.28.1.0239
Publication history:
Received on 10 May 2024; revised on 23 June 2024; accepted on 26 June 2024
Abstract:
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a hematopoietic malignancy characterized by uncontrolled proliferation of myeloid progenitor cells in the bone marrow. The standard chemotherapy in treating AML cases is anthracycline, including doxorubicin; however, it could cause severe side effects if administered continuously at high doses, making it less tolerable for some patients. Evodia suaveolens, a herbal medicine, is known to contain active compounds and anti-cancer activities, which could inhibit cancer cell proliferation. This study aims to determine the combined effect of doxorubicin and Evodia suaveolens on inhibiting the G2/M cell cycle phase and proliferation in AML cells. This experimental study used HL-60 cells which were divided into six treatment groups: K- (control), K+ (doxorubicin 0.2 µg/mL), D1-D3 (combination of doxorubicin 0.2 µg/mL and Evodia suaveolens leaf extract with concentrations of 0.2, 0.4, 0.8 mg/mL) and D4 (Evodia suaveolens leaf extract 0.8 mg/mL). The findings indicated that the G2/M phase of the cell cycle was most effectively inhibited at the D3 dose (doxorubicin at 0.2 µg/mL combined with Evodia suaveolens leaf extract at 0.8 mg/mL), which also significantly reduced cell proliferation. Consequently, this study concludes that the combination of doxorubicin and Evodia suaveolens effectively inhibits the G2/M cell cycle phase and proliferation in AML cells.
Keywords:
Anticancer; Evodia suaveolens; Acute myeloid leukemia; HL-60; Cell cycle; Proliferation
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