Evaluation of bioactivity of stem bark extracts of Lovoa trichiliodes (Harm) and Trichilia heudelotii Planc (Harm)

Benjamin Opawale; Michael Oyetayo; Ajibola Modupe Adaramola-

doi:10.30574/gscbps.2018.2.1.0019

Authors

Benjamin Opawale Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Rufus Giwa Polytechnic, Owo, Ondo State, Nigeria
Michael Oyetayo Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Rufus Giwa Polytechnic, Owo, Ondo State, Nigeria
Ajibola Modupe Adaramola- Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Rufus Giwa Polytechnic, Owo, Ondo State, Nigeria

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30574/gscbps.2018.2.1.0019

Keywords:

Antimicrobial, Phytochemical, Infectious diseases, L. trichiliodes, T. heudelotii

Abstract

This study evaluated the bioactivity of the stem bark extracts of Lovoa trichiliodes and Trichilia heudelotii using standard methods. The highest yield of 10.20% was obtained from the stem bark extract of T. heudelotii. Qualitative phytochemical examination of the plant extracts indicated the presence of different secondary metabolites which remarkably inhibited the growth of Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella typhii, Aspergillus flavus, Candida albicans and Candida glabrata. However, the cold water extract of L. trichiliodes exhibited no activity against the test pathogens. The highest mean (22.33±0.33 mm) zone of inhibition and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 2.5 mg/ml were exhibited by the acetone stem bark extract of L trichiliodes against B. subtilis ATCC6633. The results affirmed the traditional uses of the plants in the management and treatment of numerous diseases caused by the test pathogens.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

References

World Health Organization. (2012). World health statistics: a snapshot of global health, 47-49.

Amupitan TA. (2013). Ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants in Biu Local Government of Borno state, Nigeria. Comprehensive Journal of Herbs and Medicinal Plants, 2(1), 7-11.

Pooja M, Satasiya R and Sunitra C. (2015). Screening of phytochemical constituents in some ornamental flowers of Saurashtra region. Journal of Pharmacolocognosy and Phytochemistry, 3(5), 112-120.

Sumathi A. (2013). Evaluation of physiochemical and phytochemical parameters of Melia azedrach L leave (Meliaceae). International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 5(2), 104-107.

Amit B and Hardeep K. (2015). Phytochemicals as antimicrobial agents against opportunistic candidiasis: A review. International Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemical Research, 7(3), 440-445.

Keay RWJ, Onochie CFA and Stanfield DP. (1989). Nigerian Tree. Nigerian National press limited, Apapa, Lagos, Nigeria, 1-14.

Sneh L, Geetika S and Harmanjot KS. (2014). Antimicrobial properties of various medicinal plants extracts against Klebsiella sp. International Research Journal of Environment Sciences, 3(10), 75-78.

Idu M and Igeleke, CL. (2012). Antimicrobial activity and phytochemistry of Khaya senegalensis roots. International Journal of Aryurvedic and Herbal Medicine, 2(3), 416-422.

Harborne JB. (1973). Phytochemical methods. Chapman and Hall limited, London. 49-188.

Sofowora A. (1993). Medicinal Plants and Traditional Medicines in Africa. Chischester John Willey and Sons, New York.

Perez C, Pauli M and Bazerque P. (1990). An antibiotic assay by the agar-well diffusion method. Acta Biologica Et Medicinae Experimentalis, 15, 113-115.

Essien EE, Antia BS and Udoh B. (2015). Phytochemical screening and antimicrobial activity of Lagenaria siceraria seeds extracts. International Journal of Pharmacgnosy and Phytochemical Research, 7(3), 554-558.

Hemalatha A, Givija K, Parthiban C, Sarenya C and Anantharaman P. (2013). Antioxidant properties and total phenolic content of a marine diatom, Navicula clavata and green microalgae, Chlorella marina and Dunalialla salina. Advance Applied Science Research, 4(5), 151-157.

Koffi AJ, Bla KB, Yapi HF, Bidie AP and Djaman AJ. (2015). Phytochemical screening of some medicinal plants in coteD’ivoire and evaluation of their extraction efficiency. International Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemical Research, 7(3), 1-11.

Ishaku LE, Micah SM, Sunday M, Christiana JD, Nkechi VO, Jurbe GG, Olusola OO and David S. (2012). Antidiarrheal evaluation of aqueous and ethanolic stem bark extracts of Khaya senegalensis A. Juss (Meliaceae) in albino rats. Pakistan Veterinary Journal, 33(1), 32-36.

Geetha DH, Indhiramuthu J andRajeswari M. (2015). GC-MS analysis of ethanolic extract of Elaeocarpus serratus L. European Journal of Pharmaceutical and Medical Research, 2(2), 296-302.

Opawale B, Oyetayo A andAgbaje R. (2015). Phytochemical screening, antifungal and cytotoxic activities of Trichilia heudelotiiPlanc (Harm). International Journal of Sciences: Basic and Applied Reseach, 24 (6), 267-276.

Laleye OAF, Ahissou H, Olounlade AP, Azando VBE, Dansou C andLaleye A. (2015). Phytochemical, screening and evaluation of antihyperglycemic, antiradical and acute oral toxicity activities of aqueous extracts of stem bark of Khaya senegalensis A. Juss (Meliaeceae) from Benin. International Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemical Research, 7(3), 1-11.

Essama MDS, Mezui C, Nkwengoua ZE, Enow-Orock EG, Tan-Paul V andNyasse B. (2016). Cytoprotective and antioxidant properties of stem bark aqueous extract of Khaya grandifoliola (Meliaceae) in rats. British Journal of Pharmacological Research, 9(2), 1-12.

Islam MZ, Hossain MT, Hossen F, Akter MS, and Mokammel MA. (2016). In-vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of Bougainvillea glabra flower. Research Journal of Medicinal Plant, 10, 228-236.

Bharat, H. and Vidyasagar GM. (2012). Differential antimycosis activity of crude leaf extracts of Calotropis spp. International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4(3), 705-708.

Kashari O, Aliyu GM andJamilu BD. (2013). The effects of neem oil (Azadirachta indica oil) on pathogens isolated from adult skin. International Journal of Engineering and Social Science, 3(3), 90-95.

Guerra-Boone L, Alvarez-Roman R, Salazar-Aranda R, Torres-Cirro A, Rivas-Galindo VM, Waksmande-Torres N, Gonzalez G and Perez-Lopez LA. (2015). Antimicrobial and antioxidant activities and chemical characterization of essential oils of Thymus vulgaris, Rosmarinus officinalis and Origanum majorara from Northern Mexico. Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 28(1), 363-369.

Opawale BO, Onifade AK and Ogundare OA. (2016). Antimicrobial free radical scavenging and cytotoxic activities of Khaya grandifoliola CDC extracts. Malaysian Journal of Microbiology, 12(3), 233-238.

Maragathavalli S, Brindha S, Kaviyarasi NS, Annadurai B and Gangwar SK. (2012). Antimicrobial activity in leaf extract of neem (Azadirachta indica Linn.). International Journal of Science and Nature, 3(1), 110-113.

Raja RRY, Krishna KC, Lokanathan O, Mamatha S and Demodar RC. (2013). Antimicrobial activity of Azadirachta indica (neem) leaf, bark and seed extracts. Research Phytochemical Pharmacology, 3(1), 1-4.

Richa S and Ayushi M. (2015). Activities of natural products derived essential oils against dermatophytes. World Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4(7), 1203-1207.

Aladesanmi AJ, Iwalewa EO, Adebajo AC, Akinkunmi EO, Taiwo BJ, Olorunmola FO and Lamikanra A. (2007). Antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of some Nigerian medicinal plants. African Journal of Traditional Complementary and Alternative Medicines, 4(2), 173-184.

Yusha’u, M. (2011). Phytochemistry and inhibitory activity of Chrozophora senegalensis extracts against some clinical bacterial isolates. Bayero Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences, 4(1), 153-156.

Ram SV, Pawan SB, Ragendra CP, Dharmendra S and Amit C. (2011). Chemical composition and antibacterial activity of essential oils from two Occimum spp grown in sub-tropical India during spring-summer cropping season. Journal of Traditional Medicines, 6(5), 211-217.

Oladipo AA, Isiaka AO, Oluwole EO, Moses SO, Felicia FO, Adetayo AS, Kehinde OA and Andy RO. (2014). Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of essential oil of Occimum kilimandschericum (R.Br.) Guerke: A new chemtype. American Journal of Essential Oils and Natural Products, 2(1), 41-46.