Antibacterial activity of methanolic extract of bitter leaf (Vernonia amygdalina) from various component fractions using column chromatography

Aminu Yakubu Zubairu; Muhammad Mukhtar; Isah Saidu; Zulkiflu Ibrahim; Sadiq Isah; M. Adamu Garga; Haruna Sarkin Kebbi

doi:10.30574/gscbps.2019.7.2.0095

Authors

Aminu Yakubu Zubairu Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, UsmanuDanfodiyo University, P.M.B. 2346. Sokoto State, Nigeria.
Muhammad Mukhtar Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, UsmanuDanfodiyo University, P.M.B. 2346. Sokoto State, Nigeria.
Isah Saidu Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Umaru Ali Shinkafi Polytechnic, P.M.B. 2356, Sokoto, Nigeria.
Zulkiflu Ibrahim Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, UsmanuDanfodiyo University, P.M.B. 2346. Sokoto State, Nigeria.
Sadiq Isah Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, UsmanuDanfodiyo University, P.M.B. 2346. Sokoto State, Nigeria.
M. Adamu Garga Department of Tissue Culture and Plant Propagation, National Biotechnology Development Agency, P.M.B. 2140. Katsina State, Nigeria.
Haruna Sarkin Kebbi Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Umaru Ali Shinkafi Polytechnic, P.M.B. 2356, Sokoto, Nigeria.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30574/gscbps.2019.7.2.0095

Keywords:

Antibacterial, Biter leaf, Column, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Staphylococcus aureus

Abstract

This research work determined the antibacterial activities of various components at different ratios from column fractions of methanolic extract of bitter leaf (Vernonia amygdalina), meanwhile column chromatography been the best method of separating component nowadays. The column chromatography was perform using several type of solvent such as non-polar, semi-polar, polar solvent as well as their mixture in deference ratio. The phytochemical screening was carried out on the leaves extract of (Vernonia amygdalina) which revealed the presence of some active ingredients such as alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, glycosides, cardiac glycoside and saponin glycosides in the extract, while anthraquinones and volatile oil were not identified. The research conclude that acetone- methanol 50:50 column fraction of methanolic extract of Vernonia amygdalina exhibits antibacterial activity against both gram positive and gram negative bacteria.

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