Microalgal structure and diversity in some canals near garbage dumps of Bobongo basin in the city of Douala, Cameroun
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30574/gscbps.2020.10.2.0013Keywords:
Bobongo basin, Microalgal diversity, Pollution, ChannelAbstract
Anarchical and galloping anthropization is increasingly degrading the wetlands. This study aimed at determining the structure, diversity and spatiotemporal variation of microalgae from a few canals in the vicinity of garbage dumps of the Bobongo basin to propose methods of ecological management of these risk areas. Sampling took place from March 2016 to April 2019. Pelagic algae as well as those attached to stones and macrophytes were sampled in 25 stations. These algae samples were brought back to laboratory for identification and counting. The specific richness amounts to 13 classes, 34 orders, 52 families, 69 genera and 116 species. The dominant class is that of Bacillariophyceae (33 species) with a proportion of 28.45%. Results based on correspondence factor analysis revealed 3 groups of stations (clusters): the group I from stations 16, 21 and 25 consisted of exclusive species such as Cyclotella ocellata, Cymbella gamma, Gomphosphaeria natans, Navicula cryptocephalla and Tabellaria flocculosa. Group II from stations 18, 22, 23 and 24 consisted of exclusive species such as Aphanizomenon flosaquae, Aphanocapsa holsatica, Astasia limpida and Ulothrix zonata. Group III was made up of species common to all stations. Cyclotella ocellata, Cymbella gamma, Gomphosphaerium natans, Navicula cryptocephalla and Tabellaria flocculosa are hydrocarbon-polluting species. Our analysis is, to our knowledge, the first demonstrate the use of microalgal species as indicators of pollution in the context of environmental management for better monitoring of the quality of watercourses. In addition, these species can be used as bio-purifiers of polluted water in hydrocarbon.
Metrics
References
Ramsar. (2013). The Ramsar Convention Manual. Ramsar, Iran, 5-6.
Brunet RC and Astin KB. (2000). Role of a flood zone, selective filter for some dissolved or particulate elements from a watershed. In: Wicherek S. (Eds.), Water, from the cell to the landscape. Elsevier, Paris, 157-170.
Fustec E and Lefeuvre JC. (2000). Functions and values of wetlands. Dunod, Paris.
Meva'a AD, Fouda M, Bonglam CZ and Kamwo M. (2010). Spatial Analysis of Flood Risk in the Mbanya Watershed in Douala, Economic Capital of Cameroon. Report, NOVATECH, The University of Douala, 20-27.
Ndjouondo GP, Ba'ana Etoundi ML, Nwamo RD, Fankem H and Dibong SD. (2016). Impact of human activities on the wetlands of the Kambo and Longmayagui rivers (Douala). International Journal of Innovation and Scientific Research, 26(1), 410-420.
Nwamo RD, Ndjouondo GP, Ba'ana Etoundi ML, Dibong DS and Tchoumbougnang F. (2017). Impacts of anthropogenic actions on the wetlands of the city of Douala and sustainable management solutions: case of the Tongo'o Bassa river. International Journal of Innovation and Scientific Research, 29(1), 10-22.
Tchuikoua LB. (2010). Household solid waste management in Douala, Cameroon: Opportunity or threat to the environment? Ph.D Thesis, University of Bordeaux, France, 77-155.
Tchounga GB. (2016). Local governance and natural risk management in Douala V. Master Thesis in Geography, The University of Douala, Cameroon, 145-167.
Fogwe NZ and Tchotsoua M. (2007). Geographical evaluation of two decades of flood control in the city of Douala (Cameroon). Report, The University of Douala, http: //www.infotheque.info/files/JSIR-AUF-Hanoi07, last accessed on 27/12/2019.
Sana’a B. (2006). Structure, dynamics and physicochemical and phytoplanktonic typologies of the Bou Regreg estuary (Moroccan Atlantic coast). Ph.D. thesis, Mohammed V University-Agdal, Faculty of Science, 76-80.
Dibong SD and Ndjouondo GP. (2014). Floristic inventory and ecology of aquatic macrophytes of the Kambo River in Douala (Cameroon). Journal of Applied Biosciences, 80, 7147-7160.
Priso RJ, Dibong SD, Tchinda-Metagne C, Taffouo VD, Din N and Amougou A. (2010). Impacts of polluted waters on growth, chlorophyll contents and organic substances in the leaves of two Poaceae. International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences, 4(4), 1122-1129.
Fokou TG. (2015). Floristic inventory and ecology of aquatic macrophytes and microalgae of the Tongo’o Bassa River in Douala. Master Thesis, The University of Douala, 30-60.
Ndjouondo GP, Ba'ana Etoundi ML, Nwamo RD, Fankem H and Dibong SD. (2017). Comparative analysis of the water quality of the Kambo and Longmayagui rivers (Douala) from diatom biological indices. International Journal of Innovation and Scientific Research, 33(1), 45-55.
Bourrelly P. (1966). Freshwater algae: green algae. N. Boubee & Cie, Paris, 61-65.
Bourrelly P. (1968). Freshwater algae: yellow and brown algae. N. Boubee & Cie, Paris, 50-55.
Bourrelly P. (1970). Freshwater algae: blue and red algae. N. Boubee and Cie, Paris, 66-70.
Iltis A. (1980). Algae. In: Durand JR. and Leveque C. (Eds.), Flora and Aquatic Fauna of Sahelo-Sudanian Africa. ORSTOM, Paris, 9-61.
OFEV. (2007). Methods of Analysis and Assessment of Watercourses, Diatom level R (Region). FOEN, Berne.
Frey W. (2015). Syllabus of Plant Families Adolf Engler's Syllabus der Pflanzenfamilien. Photoautotrophic eukaryotic Algae Glaucocystophyta, Cryptophyta, Dinophyta/Dinozoa, Haptophyta, Heterokontophyta/Ochrophyta, Chlorarachniophyta/Cercozoa, Euglenophytal Euglenozoa, Chlorophyta, Streptophyta. Borntraeger Science Publishers, Stuttgart, 13th. Ed., Part 2/1, 50-55.
Guiry MD and Guiry GM. (2019). AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway, http://www.algaebase.org, last accessed on 27/12/2019.
Ndjouondo GP, Ba'ana Etoundi ML, Nwamo RD, Fankem H and Dibong SD. (2017). Ecology of Uronema elongatum of some rivers of Littoral Region, Cameroon. International Journal of Innovation and Scientific Research, 33(1), 24-39.
Dibong, SD and Ndjouondo GP. (2014). Floristic inventory and ecology of algae Kambo and Longmayagui rivers of the Douala wetland (Cameroon). International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences, 8(6), 2560-2577.
Jourdan JP. (2006). Cultivating your Spirulina: Handicraft Manual for Spirulina Production, http://www.spirulinasource.com/microjourdan.html, last accessed on 05/10/2019.
Cruchot H. (2008). Spirulina, review and prospects. Thesis, University of Franche Comte, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy Besancon, Besancon, 176-188.
Ouattara A. (2000). First systematic and ecological data of the phytoplankton of Lake Ayame (Ivory Coast). Thesis of the Catholic University Leuven, Belgium, 76-80.
Kouefout Y. (2016). Analysis of the water quality of rivers and Tongo'o Bassa from physicochemistry and phytoplankton. Master Thesis, Institute of Fishery Sciences at Yabassi, The University of Douala, Cameroon, 20-45
Millo N. (2015). Inventory and Phytoplankton Diversity of the Batika River (Yabassi). Master Thesis, Institute of Fishery Sciences at Yabassi, The University of Douala, Cameroon, 25-36.
Finkel ZV, Katz ME, Wright JD, Schofield OME and Falkowski PG. (2005). Climatically Driven Macroevolutionary Patterns in the Size of Marine Diatoms Over the Cenozoic. Proceedings of National Academy of Science, 102, 8927- 8932.
Aurousseau P. (2013). Evaluation of the impact of rivers on eutrophication in the coastal strip: need to reason about concentrations and fluxes. Biotechnology and Agronomy Societies Environnement, 17(1), 271-276.
Groga N. (2012). Structure, functioning and dynamics of phytoplankton in Lake Ta’abo (Ivory Coast). PhD Thesis, University of Toulouse, France, 160-200.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
![Creative Commons License](http://i.creativecommons.org/l/by-nc-sa/4.0/88x31.png)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.