Extraction, production and characterization of biodiesel from shea butter (Vitellaria paradoxa C. F. Gaertn) obtained from Hadejia, Jigawa State, Nigeria

Yau Datti; Ibrahim Musa; Salihu Isma’il; Abdulhadi Mustapha; Muhammad Sani Muhammad; Abubakar Sulaiman Ado; Ummi Umar Ahmad

doi:10.30574/gscbps.2020.11.3.0168

Authors

Yau Datti Department of Chemistry, Yusuf Maitama Sule University, Kano.
Ibrahim Musa Department of Chemistry, Yusuf Maitama Sule University, Kano.
Salihu Isma’il Department of Chemistry, Yusuf Maitama Sule University, Kano.
Abdulhadi Mustapha Department of Chemistry, Yusuf Maitama Sule University, Kano.
Muhammad Sani Muhammad Department of Chemistry, Yusuf Maitama Sule University, Kano.
Abubakar Sulaiman Ado Department of Chemistry, Yusuf Maitama Sule University, Kano.
Ummi Umar Ahmad Department of Science Laboratory Technology, School of Technology Kano.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30574/gscbps.2020.11.3.0168

Keywords:

Biodiesel, Shea butter, Shea butter oil, Transesterification

Abstract

Biodiesel, a form of diesel fuel, is an alternative fuel similar to the conventional diesel (the fossil) and can be produced from vegetable oils, animal oils and fats, tallow and waste cooking oils. In this study, oil was extracted from shea butter, and then subjected to transesterification process to convert it to biodiesel. Both the oil and the biodiesel were characterized using the standard procedures. The results showed that the oil has a density of 923.82 Kgm³, refractive index of 1.464, viscosity of 4.5 mm²/s at 40^OC, acid value of 1.84 mgKOH/g, saponification value of 189.53 mgKOH/g, flash point of 338^OC and iodine value of 35.52 mgI²/g. While the results for the biodiesel showed that it has a density of 887.61 Kgm³, refractive index of 1.441, viscosity of 3.62 mm²/s at 40^OC, acid value of 0.37 mgKOH/g, saponification value of 265.81 mgKOH/g, flash point of 96^OC and iodine value of 34.24 mgI²/g. These results were found to be within the ranges of American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) specification.

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