Antibacterial effect of Chromolaena odorata (Awolowo Leaf) aqueous leaf extract on Pseudomonas aeruginosa induced gastrointestinal tract infection in adult Wistar rat

Wisdom Nzubechukwu Obiefu; Nnaemeka Jireh Okolie; Chizaram Winners Ndubueze; Joy Nkeiruka Dike-Ndudim

doi:10.30574/gscbps.2021.14.1.0006

Authors

Wisdom Nzubechukwu Obiefu Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Imo State University, Owerri, Nigeria.
Nnaemeka Jireh Okolie Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Imo State University, Owerri, Nigeria.
Chizaram Winners Ndubueze Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Imo State University, Owerri, Nigeria.
Joy Nkeiruka Dike-Ndudim Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Imo State University, Owerri, Nigeria.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30574/gscbps.2021.14.1.0006

Keywords:

Antibiotic effect, Medicinal plants, Bioactive compounds, Phytochemical compound, Antimicrobial substances

Abstract

The effect of Chromolaena odorata aqueous leaf extract on Pseudomonas aeruginosa induced gastrointestinal tract infection in adult rats was studied using thirty six (36) adult wistar rats, whose weights range from 72-100g. The rats were allowed to acclimatize for two weeks and checked for fitness through weight check and urinalysis. Twelve rats were used for toxicological study (LD₅₀) while 24 rats were used to determine the antibacterial effects of Chromolaena odorata leaf extract. The 12 rats for LD50 were divided into three groups of four rats each while the other 24 rats were divided into four groups of six rats each. The antibacterial effect of Chromolaena odorata extract was significantly high in group Q after treatment (4.5±2.12 Cfu/ml) when compared with the mean value before treatment (20.0±4.24 Cfu/ml). The antibiotic effect of ciprofloxacin was higher in group R rats after treatment (0.00±0.00 Cfu/ml) when compared with the mean value before treatment (24.0±1.41 Cfu/ml). But in group S, the mean value of count after treatment was significantly higher (26.5±13.44 Cfu/ml) when compared with the mean value before treatment (14.5±4.95 Cfu/ml) and this is because this group was not treated with either leave extract or antibiotics. Conclusively, the leave extract of Chromolaena odorata could be adopted as an alternative treatment against gastrointestinal tract infections especially those due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

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