Hydrocarbon solubilisation by oil and cellulose-degrading Chitinophaga terrae isolated from the rumen.

Ogochukwu Ann Udume; Herbert Okechukwu Stanley; Gideon O Abu

doi:10.30574/gscbps.2021.14.3.0086

Authors

Ogochukwu Ann Udume World Bank African Centre of Excellence, Centre for Oilfield Chemicals Research (ACE-CEFOR). University of Port Harcourt Nigeria.
Herbert Okechukwu Stanley Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria.
Gideon O Abu Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30574/gscbps.2021.14.3.0086

Keywords:

Rumen, Chitinophaga terrae, Cellulose degradation, Hydrocarbon degradation, Bio-surfactants

Abstract

This study investigated the capacity of cellulose and hydrocarbon degrading bacterium isolated from the rumen of a cow to solubilise hydrocarbon. The bacterium was isolated from the rumen fluid of cow and its capacity to degrade cellulose was screened on carboxyl methyl cellulose (CMC) agar plate and the ability to degrade crude oil was carried out using Bonny Light crude. Solubilisation of hydrocarbon was determined by carrying out emulsification index (E₂₄) using kerosene. Other bio-surfactant characteristics such as blood haemolysis, tilted slide capacity and oil displacement were tested also. The bacterium was identified based on phenotypic, biochemical and molecular characteristics. The isolate achieved 48.17% degradation of total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) within 14 days with emulsification index of 54.5%. The isolate also produced clear zone on agar plate containing CMC as the sole carbon source. Phylogenetic tree analyses classified the bacterial isolate as Chitinophaga terrae. The sequences have been deposited to GenBank under the accession number KJ076216.1. This study has demonstrated that the novel strain of Chitinophaga terrae used in this study not only has the capacity for multiple substrate utilization, but also has the capacity to produce bio-surfactant. Considering that the isolate was obtain from the rumen of cow it shows that rumen content may harbour bacteria with diverse economical and ecologically-friendly product, which may be utilized for bioremediation of crude oil contaminated systems.

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