Ethanolic extract of Salacca zalacca peel reduce IL-1β and apoptosis in high glucose induced zebrafish embryo

Husnul  Khotimah; Safira Nur Alita  P; Dea  Aninditha; Anditri  Weningtyas; Wahyu Prima  E; Umi  Kalsum; Masruroh  Rahayu; Dian  Handayani; Shahdevi Nandar  K

doi:10.30574/gscbps.2021.16.3.0213

Authors

Husnul Khotimah Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia.
Safira Nur Alita P Master Program of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia.
Dea Aninditha Master Program of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia.
Anditri Weningtyas Master Program of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia.
Wahyu Prima E Master Program of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia.
Umi Kalsum Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia.
Masruroh Rahayu Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia.
Dian Handayani Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia.
Shahdevi Nandar K Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30574/gscbps.2021.16.3.0213

Keywords:

Glucose, Salacca zalacca, PEPCK, IL1-β, BAX, Apaf-1

Abstract

Gestational diabetes is a glucose intolerance level first identified during pregnancy. This condition is caused by hormone secretion that hinders insulin action from the placenta which caused insulin resistance that will cause hyperglycemia. This condition will increase oxidative stress, and in consequence increasing inflammation and cell death which can hinder fetal growth and development. Salacca zalacca peel is a food waste that contains antioxidants and anti-inflammatory properties. This research aimed to study the effect of SZ peel ethanolic extract in the expression of IL-1β and cell death marker (BAX and Apaf-1) in glucose 3% induced zebrafish embryo. Glucose metabolism is measured by the level of Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) at the age of 3 dpf. The expression of PEPCK, IL-1β, Bax, and Apaf-1 is measured using reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) method. Salacca zalacca peel extract is given in the concentration of 0,1; 0,2; and 0,4 mg/mL. The result of this research proves that PEPCK decreases in the group which was given glucose 3%. Salacca zalacca peel extract significantly decreases the expression of IL-1β and Bax in the concentration of 0,4 mg/mL, and also able to decrease Apaf-1 expression with the result that most closely resemble the negative control in the concentration of 0,4 mg/mL. In conclusion, Salacca zalacca peel extract protects from gestational diabetes condition through the decrease of IL-1β, Bax, and Apaf-1.

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