Effect of aqueous extract of lemon (Citrus limon) on Anopheles gambiae sensu lato (Diptera: Culicidae) larvae tolerance in malaria vector control in Dogbo district in south-western Republic of Benin, West Africa

Nazaire  Aïzoun; Kourouma  Koura; Arlette  Adjatin

doi:10.30574/gscbps.2021.17.2.0292

Authors

Nazaire Aïzoun Laboratory of Pluridisciplinary Researches of Technical Teaching (LaRPET), Normal High School of Technical Teaching (ENSET) of Lokossa, National University of Sciences, Technologies, Engineering and Mathematics (UNSTIM) of Abomey, P. O. Box 133 Lokossa.
Kourouma Koura Laboratory of Forestry Sciences, Faculty of Agronomic Sciences, University of Abomey-Calavi (UAC), Cotonou, Bénin.
Arlette Adjatin Laboratory of Biochemistry, Food and Medicinal Formulations (LaBFAM), National High School of Applied Biosciences and Biotechnologies (ENSBBA) of Dassa-Zoumè, National University of Sciences, Technologies, Engineering and Mathematics (UNSTIM) of Abomey.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30574/gscbps.2021.17.2.0292

Keywords:

Citrus limon (L) Osbeck, Siphonal respiration, Larvae of Anopheles gambiae s.l., Malaria control, Republic of Benin

Abstract

The use of chemical insecticides causes important damages to environment and human health and there is a need to search for alternative solutions. This study aims to investigate on the effect of aqueous extract of lemon in Anopheles gambiae s.l. larvae tolerance in couffo department in south-western Republic of Benin, West Africa. Larvae of Anopheles gambiae s.l mosquitoes were collected from breeding sites using the dipping method in July 2020 during the rainy season in Dogbo district. A batch of 15 larvae of fourth instar were exposed to a mixture of aqueous extract of lemon with distilled water saturated with oxygen containing in each of five glass jars or test cups of same dimensions contained each 48 ml distilled water saturated with oxygen plus 2 ml of aqueous extract of lemon (Citrus limon) and one control jar containing no trace of aqueous extract of lemon. Larval mortality was recorded after 24hours, 48hours and 72hours exposure. The results show that the use of aqueous extract of lemon causes full-grown Anopheles larvae to die by suffocation. After the application of this mixture, the larvae of four instars cannot breathe. The use of aqueous extract of lemon is effective method for disturbing the siphonal respiration of mosquito larvae. Aqueous extract of lemon is effective method for mosquito larvae control.

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