Evaluation of the physico-chemical state of the soil contaminant isolate indigenous bacterial species

Nwankwo  CC; John Godson  N; Daodu Bamidele  T

doi:10.30574/gscbps.2021.17.2.0331

Authors

Nwankwo CC Department of Microbiology Technology, School of Science Laboratory Technology, University of Port Harcourt.
John Godson N Department of Biochemistry/Chemistry Technology, School of Science Laboratory Technology, University of Port Harcourt.
Daodu Bamidele T Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Delta State University of Science and Technology, University of Port Harcourt.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30574/gscbps.2021.17.2.0331

Keywords:

Physiochemical, Microorganisms, Biodegradation, Bacterial

Abstract

The aim of the study is to isolate indigenous bacterial species which have the ability to degrade crude oil. Samples were collected from an oil polluted site in Ejama-Ebubu Eleme Rivers state. The samples were taken from five spot (A-E), of depth 0-15 (A1– E1) and 15-30 (A2– E2) in sterile polyethylene bags, using appropriate equipment, then taken to the laboratory for analysis, Physicochemical parameters such as pH, nitrate, sulphate, phosphate, total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH), poly aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), salinity, temperature, conductivity and heavy metals (iron, zinc, nikel, lead, chromium) were determined, The THB count was determined using the spread plate method on nutrient agar. Soil, sediment and water physicochemical parameters determined indicated that the samples had been exposed to hydrocarbon contamination. The Gram negative bacteria belonging to the genus pseudomonas is the most frequent. Other genera isolated were Nocardia, Micrococcus,Chromobacterium, Burkholdia, Corynebacterium. The study revealed the presence of petroleum hydrocarbons in the Ejama_Ebubu site as well as known genera of hydrocarbon utilizing bacteria. The biases associated with culture-dependent microbial enumeration techniques may limit the full description of the bacterial diversity in Ejama-Ebubu site. From the study, it is concluded that microorganisms that can degrade hydrocarbons are found in oil contaminated soil and can easily be isolated from these contaminated sites, although it is very difficult to work with aromatic hydrocarbons due to their volatility and toxic effects.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

References

Tlas RM, Philp J. Bioremediation: applied microbial solutions for real-world environmental cleanup. American Society for Microbiology (ASM) Press. 2005; 78-105.

Chauhan A, Rahman F, John G, Oakeshott, Jain RK. Bacterial metabolism of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: strategies for bioremediation. Review of Indian Journal of Microbiology. 2008; 48: 95-113.

Chaillana F, Flècheb A, Burya E, Phantavonga Y-hui, Saliot A, Oudot J. Identification and biodegradation potential of tropical aerobic hydrocarbon-degrading microorganisms. Res. Microb. 2004; 155(7): 5.

Chaıneau CH, Yepremian C, Vidalie JF, Ducreux J, Ballerini D. Bioremediation of a crude oil-polluted soil: biodegradation, leaching and toxicity assessments. Wat. Air. Soil. Poll. 2003; 144: 419.

Chikere CB, Okpokwasili GC, Chikere BO. Monitoring of microbial hydrocarbon remediation in the soil. Biotechnology. 2011; 1: 117-138.

Daane LL, Harjono I, Zylstra GJ., Haggblom MM. Isolation and characterization of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon degrading bacteria associated with the rhizosphere of salt marsh plants. Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 2001; 67(6): 2863-2691.

Gogoi BK, Dutta NN, Goswami P, Mohan TR. A case study of bioremediation of petroleum-hydrocarbon contaminated soil at a crude oil spill site. Adv. Environ. Res. 2003; 7:767.

Hamamura N, Olson S, Ward D, Inskeep W. Microbial population dynamics associated with crude-oil biodegradation in diverse soils. Appl Environ Microbial. 2006; 72:6316–6324.

Mmom, Prince, Igbuku, Augustine. Challenges and Prospect of Environmental Remediation/Restoration in Niger Delta of Nigeria: The Case of Ogoniland. Journal of Energy Tehnology and Policy. 2015; 5: 1-4.

NalineeKumari, Abhishek Vashishtha, Pooja Saini, EktaMenghani. Isolation, Identification and Characterization of Oil Degrading Bacteria Isolated from the Contaminated Sites of Barmer, Rajasthan. International Journal of Biotechnology and Bioengineering Research. 2013; 4: 429-434.

Sebiomo A, Bankole SA,Awosanya AO. Determination of the ability of microorganisms isolated from mechanic soil to utilise lubricating oil as carbon source. Afr. J. Microbiol. Res. 2010; 4(21): 2257-2264.

Spence JM, Bottrell SH, Thornton SF, Richnow HH, Spence KH. Hydrochemical and isotopic effects associated with petroleum fuel biodegradation pathways in a chalk aquifer. J. Contam. Hydrol. 2005; 79: 67.

Varjani SJ, Rana DP, Bateja S, Upasani VN. Isolation and Screening for Hydrocarbon Utilizing Bacteria (HUB) from Petroleum Samples. Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci. 2013; 2(4): 48-60.

Vieira PA, Vieira RB, Franca FP, Cardoso VL. Biodegradation of effluent contaminated with diesel fuel and gasoline. J. Hazard. Mat. 2007; 140(1 2): 52 59.

Watanabe K. Current Opinion in Biotechnology. 2001; 12: 237-241.