A review on antibiotic resistance and way of combating antimicrobial resistance

Shifa Begum; Tofa Begum; Naziza Rahman; Ruhul A. Khan

doi:10.30574/gscbps.2021.14.2.0037

Authors

Shifa Begum Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh.
Tofa Begum Research Laboratories in Sciences Applied to Food, Canadian Irradiation Center, INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier, 531, Boulevard des Prairies, Laval, Quebec, Canada, H7V 1B7.
Naziza Rahman Department of Microbiology, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Ruhul A. Khan Institute of Radiation and Polymer Technology, Atomic Energy Research Establishment, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30574/gscbps.2021.14.2.0037

Keywords:

Antibiotic, Classification of antibiotic, Mode of action, Resistance mechanism

Abstract

Antibiotics are widely used most effective medication since the twentieth century against bacterial infections (Tetanus, Strep Throat, Urinary Tract Infections, etc.) and thus save one’s life. Before 20th-century infectious disease played the main role in the death. Thus, antibiotics opened a revolutionary era in the field of medication. These cannot fight against viral infections. Antibiotics are also known as an antibacterial that kill or slow down bacterial growth and prohibit the bacteria to harm. Resistance comes as a curse with antibiotics that occurs when bacteria change in some way that reduces or eliminates the effectiveness of drugs, chemicals or other agents designed to cure or prevent infections. It is now a significant threat to public health that is affecting humans worldwide outside the environment of the hospital. When a bacterium once become resistant to antibiotic then the bacterial infections cannot be cured with that antibiotic. Thus, the emergence of antibiotic-resistance among the most important bacterial pathogens causing more harm. In this context, the classification of antibiotics, mode of action of antibiotics, and mechanism of resistance and the process of overcoming antibiotic resistance are discussed broadly.

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